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Federally recognized tribes are suspicious of non-recognized tribes' efforts to gain acknowledgment, concerned that they may dilute already limited federal benefits. As casino gambling has raised tribal revenues dramatically, there is more competition by tribal groups to gain federal recognition and the right to operate gaming on reservations. [10]
Federal tribal recognition grants to tribes the right to certain benefits, and is largely administered by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). While trying to determine which groups were eligible for federal recognition in the 1970s, government officials became aware of the need for consistent procedures.
State recognition confers few benefits under federal law. It is not the same as federal recognition, which is the federal government's acknowledgment of a tribe as a dependent sovereign nation. Some states have provided laws related to state recognition that provide some protection of autonomy for tribes that are not recognized by the federal ...
The US federal government acknowledged them as being Indians in the 1956 Lumbee Act but not as a federally recognized tribe. [84] The Act withheld the full benefits of federal recognition from the tribe. Since then, the Lumbee people have tried to appeal to Congress for legislation to gain full federal recognition.
Tribal nations typically receive federal recognition through an application with the Interior Department. The Lumbee Tribe applied in 1987, but was denied based on the Department's interpretation ...
The law recognized the Lumbee as the Lumbee Indians of North Carolina but denied them benefits associated with federal recognition as a tribe, including funding for housing, schools and health care.
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In January 2015, the United States' Federal Register issued an official list of 566 tribes that are Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs. [5] The number of tribes increased to 567 in July 2015 with the federal recognition of the Pamunkey tribe in Virginia. [6] USA.gov, the ...