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Ephialtes (/ ˌ ɛ f i ˈ æ l t iː z /; Greek: Ἐφιάλτης Ephialtēs) [a] was a Greek renegade during the Greco-Persian Wars. Born to Eurydemus ( Εὐρύδημος ) of Malis , [ 1 ] he betrayed his homeland and people to the Achaemenid Empire by revealing the existence of a path around the Greek coalition's position at Thermopylae ...
Ephialtes (Ancient Greek: Ἐφιάλτης, Ephialtēs) was an ancient Athenian politician and an early leader of the democratic movement there. In the late 460s BC, he oversaw reforms that diminished the power of the Areopagus , a traditional bastion of conservatism, and which are considered by many modern historians to mark the beginning of ...
In Greek mythology, the Aloadae (/ ˌ æ l oʊ ˈ eɪ d iː /) or Aloads (Ancient Greek: Ἀλωάδαι Aloadai) were Otus or Otos (Ὦτος means "insatiate") and Ephialtes (Ἐφιάλτης "nightmare"), [1] Thessalian sons of Princess Iphimedia, wife of Aloeus, by Poseidon, [2] whom she induced to make her pregnant by going to the seashore and disporting herself in the surf or scooping ...
After the second day, a local resident named Ephialtes revealed to the Persians the existence of a path leading behind the Greek lines. Subsequently, Leonidas, aware that his force was being outflanked by the Persians, dismissed the bulk of the Greek army and remained to guard their retreat along with 300 Spartans and 700 Thespians .
Ephialtes accelerated this process by prosecuting certain members for maladministration. [25] Having thus weakened the prestige of the council, Ephialtes proposed and had passed in the popular assembly a sweeping series of reforms which divided up the powers traditionally wielded by the Areopagus among the democratic council of the Boule , the ...
Ephialtes passes a law in the Athenian ecclesia, which reforms the Areopagus, limiting its power to judging cases of homicide and religious crimes. He considers the Areopagus to be the centre of conservatism and Ephialtes' victory is seen as a defeat for the conservatives and the members of the oligarchy .
In the reforms of Ephialtes and Pericles around 460–450 BC, the thetes were empowered to hold public office. [14] [full citation needed] Twelve thousand thetes were disenfranchised and expelled from the city after the Athenian defeat in the Lamian War. There is debate among scholars whether this represented the entire number of thetes, or ...
Ephialtes (Ἐφιάλτης): probably different from the Aload Giant who was also named Ephialtes): [191] According to Apollodorus he was blinded by arrows from Apollo and Heracles. [192] He is named on three Attic black-figure pots (Akropolis 2134, Getty 81.AE.211, Louvre E732) dating from the second quarter of the sixth century BC. [ 193 ]