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A Morse code light is light in which appearances of light of two clearly different durations (dots and dashes) are grouped to represent a character or characters in the Morse Code. For example, "Mo(A)" is a light in which in each period light is shown for a short period (dot) followed by a long period (dash), the Morse Code for "A".
Examples of Special Marks A Special mark indicating an outfall pipe in the Irish Sea off Helen's Bay, Northern Ireland. It has the flashing sequence Fl.(2).Y meaning it flashes yellow twice, this is called group flashing. A Special Mark, as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage.
Diagram of cardinal marks as seen during the day, with their light patterns. The lights shown here are configured as "Quick". A cardinal mark is a sea mark (a buoy or other floating or fixed structure) commonly used in maritime pilotage to indicate the position of a hazard and the direction of safe water.
Examples of Isolated Danger Marks. An Isolated Danger Mark, as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate a hazard to shipping such as a partially submerged rock.
A sector light is one which shows different colours depending upon the angle of approach. They are commonly used to indicate the safe channel (white) and show red or green if the vessel is out of the safe channel. IALA requires the light colours to follow the appropriate region (A or B) colour scheme. [9]
IALA is primarily known for the IALA Maritime Buoyage Systems or sea mark systems that are used in the pilotage of vessels at sea: [3] Lateral marks indicate the edges of a channel. Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safe water at a dangerous spot. Safe water marks indicate the deep water and open end of a channel.
An example of a sector light is the light of the Fisgard Lighthouse in British Columbia. The lighthouse was built to guide ships through the entrance of Esquimalt harbour. The white sector is an isophase light of 2s from 322° to 195°. If the ship sees this white light, it can pass safely. The rest shows a red light from 195 to 322°.
Examples of Safe Water Marks An example of a Safe Water Mark in Limfjord, Denmark. A safe water mark, as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate the end of a channel. They usually imply that open, deep and safe water lies ahead.