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The Republic of Canada was a government proclaimed by William Lyon Mackenzie on December 5, 1837. [2] The self-proclaimed government was established on Navy Island [ 3 ] in the Niagara River in the latter days of the Upper Canada Rebellion .
Canada is recognized as a middle power for its role in global affairs with a tendency to pursue multilateral and international solutions. [200] Canada is known for its commitment to international peace and security, as well as being a mediator in conflicts, [201] and for providing aid to developing countries. [202]
The history of Canada covers the period from the arrival of the Paleo-Indians to North America thousands of years ago to the present day. The lands encompassing present-day Canada have been inhabited for millennia by Indigenous peoples , with distinct trade networks, spiritual beliefs, and styles of social organization.
As a result, Lower Canada and Upper Canada, with its enormous debt, were united in 1840, and French was banned in the legislature for about eight years. Eight years later, an elected and responsible government was granted. By this time, the French-speaking majority of Lower Canada had become a political minority in a unified Canada.
The Dauphin Map of Canada, c. 1543, showing the areas Cartier visited. Newfoundland is near the upper right; Florida and the Bahamas are at lower left. While a variety of theories have been postulated for the name of Canada, its origin is now accepted as coming from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word kanata, meaning 'village' or 'settlement'. [1]
The historiography of Canada deals with the manner in which historians have depicted, analyzed, and debated the history of Canada. It also covers the popular memory of critical historical events, ideas and leaders, as well as the depiction of those events in museums , monuments, reenactments, pageants and historic sites .
The politics of Canada functions within a framework of parliamentary democracy and a federal system of parliamentary government with strong democratic traditions. [1] Canada is a constitutional monarchy where the monarch is the ceremonial head of state.
Canada's Telecommunications Act "specifies the need for national ownership and control of Canadian carriers". [5] Since 2005, arctic ice melting in Northern Canada has caused issues affecting Canadian sovereignty, as some arctic countries have come in conflict over an agreement on who owns certain areas in the oil-rich Arctic. [6]