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Islamic calligraphy developed from two major styles: Kufic and Naskh. There are several variations of each, as well as regionally specific styles. Arabic or Persian calligraphy has also been incorporated into modern art, beginning with the post-colonial period in the Middle East, as well as the more recent style of calligraffiti. [8]
Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran (Internationally known as Indonesia International Quran Competition [1]) (Arabic: مسابقة تلاوة القران, literally "Quran Recitation Competition", abbreviated as MTQ) is an Indonesian Islamic religious festival held at national level, aimed at glorification of the Qur'an.
Traditionally speaking in the Islamic empire, Arabic calligraphy was the common form of recording texts. Calligraphy is the practice or art of decorative handwriting. [3] The demand for calligraphy in the early stages of the Islamic empire (circa 7–8th century CE) can be attributed to a need to produce Qur'an manuscripts.
Naskh [a] is a smaller, round script of Islamic calligraphy.Naskh is one of the first scripts of Islamic calligraphy to develop, commonly used in writing administrative documents and for transcribing books, including the Qur’an, because of its easy legibility.
Qalams as used in calligraphy. A qalam (Arabic: قلم) is a type of reed pen.It is made from a cut, dried reed, and used for Islamic calligraphy.The pen is seen as an important symbol of wisdom in Islam, and references the emphasis on knowledge and education within the Islamic tradition.
Kairouani style was used for the first time in the Nurse's Quran, finished in 1020 [1] during the last decades of Kairouan’s intellectual and political golden era. The manuscript was kept for centuries in the maqsurah of Ibn Badis, a small cell measuring 8x6 meters next to the qibla wall that served as a library, [2] in the main prayer room of the Great Mosque.
Since its creation, Thuluth has given rise to a variety of scripts used in calligraphy and over time has allowed numerous modifications. Jeli Thuluth was developed for use in large panels, such as those on tombstones. The Muhaqqaq script was developed by widening the horizontal sections [clarification needed] of the letters in Thuluth.
The Kufic script (Arabic: الخط الكوفي, romanized: al-khaṭṭ al-kūfī) is a style of Arabic script, that gained prominence early on as a preferred script for Quran transcription and architectural decoration, and it has since become a reference and an archetype for a number of other Arabic scripts.