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In polymer science, star-shaped polymers are the simplest class of branched polymers with a general structure consisting of several (at least three) linear chains connected to a central core. [1] The core, or the center, of the polymer can be an atom , molecule , or macromolecule ; the chains, or "arms", consist of variable-length organic chains.
A star-shaped polymer molecule is a branched polymer molecule in which a single branch point gives rise to multiple linear chains or arms. If the arms are identical the star polymer molecule is said to be regular. If adjacent arms are composed of different repeating subunits, the star polymer molecule is said to be variegated.
Branch point in a polymer. Polymer architecture in polymer science relates to the way branching leads to a deviation from a strictly linear polymer chain. [1] Branching may occur randomly or reactions may be designed so that specific architectures are targeted. [1] It is an important microstructural feature.
A monomer with functionality of 3 or more will introduce branching in a polymer and will ultimately form a cross-linked macrostructure or network even at low fractional conversion. The point at which a tree-like topology transits to a network is known as the gel point because it is signalled by an abrupt change in viscosity .
Branch point in a polymer. An important microstructural feature of a polymer is its architecture and shape, which relates to the way branch points lead to a deviation from a simple linear chain. [25] A branched polymer molecule is composed of a main chain with one or more substituent side chains or branches.
In polymer chemistry, a random coil is a conformation of polymers where the monomer subunits are oriented randomly while still being bonded to adjacent units. It is not one specific shape, but a statistical distribution of shapes for all the chains in a population of macromolecules.
In the absence of chain-transfer and chain termination, the monomer in the system is consumed and the polymerization stops but the polymer chain remains active. If new monomer is added, the polymerization can proceed. Due to the low PDI and predictable molecular weight, living polymerization is at the forefront of polymer research.
Non-linear polymers and copolymers, and polymer assemblies are named using the italicized qualifiers in Table 2. [5] The qualifier, such as branch, is used as a prefix (P) when naming a (co)polymer, or as a connective (C), e.g., comb, between two polymer names.