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In organic chemistry, neighbouring group participation (NGP, also known as anchimeric assistance) has been defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) as the interaction of a reaction centre with a lone pair of electrons in an atom or the electrons present in a sigma or pi bond contained within the parent molecule but not conjugated with the reaction centre.
In natural and social science research, a protocol is most commonly a predefined procedural method in the design and implementation of an experiment.Protocols are written whenever it is desirable to standardize a laboratory method to ensure successful replication of results by others in the same laboratory or by other laboratories.
In the UK, the M.Chem degree is an undergraduate award, available after pursuing a four- or five-year course of study at a university. It is classed as a level 7 qualification in the National Qualifications Framework. In England the M.Chem degree is a 4-year course, whereas in Scotland the M.Chem degree is a 5-year course.
A standard operating procedure (SOP) is a set of step-by-step instructions compiled by an organization to help workers carry out routine operations. [1] SOPs aim to achieve efficiency, quality output, and uniformity of performance, while reducing miscommunication and failure to comply with industry regulations .
The Joint Admission Test for Masters (JAM) is a common admission test conducted every year for admission into Master of Science (M.Sc.) and other post-graduate science programs at Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Indian Institutes of Information Technology (IIITs) and National Institutes of Technology (NITs), organized by alternating institutes every ...
Organic synthesis is a branch of chemical synthesis concerned with the construction of organic compounds.Organic compounds are molecules consisting of combinations of covalently-linked hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen atoms.
When working with limiting amount of sample, an analyst might need to make a single addition, but it is generally considered a best practice to make at least two additions whenever possible. [5] Note that this is not limited to liquid samples. In atomic absorption spectroscopy, for example, standard additions are often used with solid as the ...
In the following example, recursive SMARTS notation is used to combine acid oxygen and tetrazole nitrogen in a definition of oxygen atoms that are likely to be anionic under normal physiological conditions. [$([OH][C,S,P]=O),$([nH]1nnnc1)] The SMARTS above would only match the acid hydroxyl and the tetrazole N−H.