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The extent of proto-Iroquoia and proto-Shanwan cultural and language in West Virginia was similar to the St. Lawrence Iroquoians' (Laurentian language). By the fourteenth century, a distinct St. Lawrence Iroquoian culture had created fortified villages and introduced corn to the St. Lawrence valley.
The Prehistory of West Virginia spans ancient times until the arrival of Europeans in the early 17th century. [1] ... or proto-historic. ... (Iroquoian and Algonquian ...
Proto-Iroquoian is the theoretical proto-language of the Iroquoian languages. Lounsbury (1961) estimated from glottochronology a time depth of 3,500 to 3,800 years for the split of North and South Iroquoian.
The Iroquoian peoples are an ethnolinguistic group of peoples from eastern North America. Their traditional territories, often referred to by scholars as Iroquoia, [ 1 ] stretch from the mouth of the St. Lawrence River in the north, to modern-day North Carolina in the south.
The Monongahela culture were an Iroquoian Native American cultural manifestation of Late Woodland peoples from AD 1050 to 1635 in present-day Western Pennsylvania, western Maryland, eastern Ohio, and West Virginia. [1] The culture was named by Mary Butler in 1939 for the Monongahela River, whose valley contains the majority of this culture's ...
As of 2020, almost all surviving Iroquoian languages are severely or critically endangered, with some languages having only a few elderly speakers remaining. The two languages with the most speakers, Mohawk (Kenien'kéha) in New York and Canada, and Cherokee in Oklahoma and North Carolina, are spoken by less than 10% of the populations of their ...
An Appalachian New Deal: West Virginia in the Great Depression (West Virginia University Press, 1998) 316 pp. ISBN 978-1-933202-51-8; Trotter Jr., Joe William. Coal, Class, and Color: Blacks in Southern West Virginia, 1915–32 (1990) William, John Alexander. West Virginia and the Captains of Industry (1976), economic history of late 19th century.
The Massawomeck were an Iroquoian people who lived in what is now western Maryland and eastern West Virginia during the early 17th century. Their territory encompassed the headwaters of the Monongahela, Youghiogheny and Potomac rivers.