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Bordetella pertussis is a Gram-negative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus bacterium of the genus Bordetella, and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. Its virulence factors include pertussis toxin , adenylate cyclase toxin , filamentous haemagglutinin , pertactin , fimbria , and tracheal cytotoxin .
The WHO says that the only contraindication to either whole cell or acellular pertussis vaccines is an anaphylactic reaction to a previous dose of pertussis vaccine, [1] while the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists encephalopathy not due to another identifiable cause occurring within seven days after a previous dose of ...
Bordetella (/ ˌ b ɔːr d ə ˈ t ɛ l ə /) is a genus of small (0.2 – 0.7 μm), Gram-negative, coccobacilli bacteria of the phylum Pseudomonadota. Bordetella species, with the exception of B. petrii, are obligate aerobes, as well as highly fastidious, or difficult to culture.
The first is more mild and is caused by B. bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza infections, without complications from canine distemper virus (CDV) or canine mastadenovirus A (formerly canine adenovirus-1). This form occurs most regularly in autumn, and can be distinguished by symptoms such as a retching cough and vomiting.
Tracheal cytotoxin (TCT) is a 921 dalton glycopeptide released by Bordetella pertussis, [1] Vibrio fischeri (as a symbiosis chemical), [2] and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (among other peptidoglycan-derived cytotoxins it produces). [3]
Adenylate cyclase toxin from Bordetella pertussis is a 1706 amino acid residue long protein.The protein consists of three domains: from the N-terminus up to roughly residue 400, there is an adenylate-cyclase domain; between residues 500 and 700, there is a hydrophobic domain; and from residue 1000 to the C-terminus, there are calcium binding repeats.
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB 5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, [2] which causes whooping cough. PT is involved in the colonization of the respiratory tract and the establishment of infection. [ 3 ]
P. multocida expresses a range of virulence factors including a polysaccharide capsule and the variable carbohydrate surface molecule, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The capsule has been shown in strains of serogroups A and B to help resist phagocytosis by host immune cells and capsule type A has also been shown to help resist complement-mediated lysis.