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Treatment of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis involves antibiotics as well as surgery. Removal of the kidney is the best surgical treatment in the overwhelming majority of cases, although polar resection (partial nephrectomy) has been effective for some people with localized disease.
[106] [107] Pregnancy is an exception and it is recommended that women take seven days of antibiotics. [108] [109] If not treated it causes up to 30% of mothers to develop pyelonephritis and increases risk of low birth weight and preterm birth. [110]
The risk of severe malaria by Plasmodium falciparum is three times as high in pregnant women, with a median maternal mortality of 40% reported in studies in the Asia–Pacific region. [1] In women where the pregnancy is not the first, malaria infection is more often asymptomatic, even at high parasite loads, compared to women having their first ...
A high-risk pregnancy is a pregnancy where the mother or the fetus has an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared to uncomplicated pregnancies. No concrete guidelines currently exist for distinguishing “high-risk” pregnancies from “low-risk” pregnancies; however, there are certain studied conditions that have been shown to put the mother or fetus at a higher risk of poor outcomes. [1]
Together with intravenous antibiotics, drainage [8] —either percutaneous or retrograde with a ureteral stent [9] —has become the cornerstone of treatment since the development of ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scanning. Drainage offers a great outcome with low rates of morbidity and mortality.
Nitrofurantoin is pregnancy category A in Australia. [3] It is one of the few drugs commonly used in pregnancy to treat UTIs. [38] There is a potential risk of hemolytic anemia in the newborn when used near time of delivery. [3] Newborns of women given this drug late in pregnancy had a higher risk of developing neonatal jaundice. [39]
Illustration of deformed pelvises. A deformed pelvis is a risk factor for obstructed labour: Specialty: Obstetrics: Complications: Perinatal asphyxia, uterine rupture, post-partum bleeding, postpartum infection [1] Causes: Large or abnormally positioned baby, small pelvis, problems with the birth canal [2] Risk factors
In addition, a retrospective case-control study published by researchers from the Mayo Clinic in 2006 has found an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus and hypertension in people who had undergone ESWL, compared with age and gender-matched people who had undergone nonsurgical treatment. Whether or not acute trauma progresses to long ...