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In an effort to fight termination and force the government into recognizing their outstanding land claims from New York, the three tribes began filing litigation in the 1950s. [61] As a result of a claim filed with the Indian Claims Commission, the group was awarded a settlement of $1,313,472.65 on August 11, 1964. [ 60 ]
House Concurrent Resolution 108 (H. Con. Res. 108), passed August 1, 1953, declared it to be the sense of Congress that it should be policy of the United States government to abolish federal supervision over American Indian tribes as soon as possible and to subject the Indians to the same laws, privileges, and responsibilities as other U.S. citizens. [1]
It is estimated that between the 1950s and 1980s, as many as 750,000 Native Americans migrated to the cities, some as part of the relocation program, others on their own. By the 2000 census, the urban Indian population was 64% higher than it had been in the pre-termination era of the 1940s. [17]
The Great Father: The United States Government and the American Indians (abridged edition, 1986) McCarthy, Robert J. "The Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Federal Trust Obligation to American Indians," 19 BYU J. PUB. L. 1 (December, 2004). Ulrich, Roberta (2010). American Indian Nations from Termination to Restoration, 1953-2006.
The Klamath Termination Act was a 1953 law under the US Indian termination policy. The Klamath tribe along with the Flathead , Menominee , Potawatomi , and Turtle Mountain Chippewa , as well as all tribes in the states of California , New York , Florida , and Texas were targeted for immediate termination by House Concurrent Resolution 108 of 1953 .
The government of Virginia combines the executive, legislative and judicial branches of authority in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The current governor of Virginia is Glenn Youngkin . The State Capitol building in Richmond was designed by Thomas Jefferson , and the cornerstone was laid by Governor Patrick Henry in 1785 .
Text of the statute from the Tribal Law and Policy Institute; Public Law 280 as enacted in the US Statutes at Large; Tribal Court Clearinghouse: Public Law 280 from the Tribal Law and Policy Institute; Public Law 280 and Law Enforcement in Indian Country – Research Priorities, NCJ 209839, National Institute of Justice. (2005).
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