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  2. f-number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-number

    The f-number N is given by: = where f is the focal length, and D is the diameter of the entrance pupil (effective aperture).It is customary to write f-numbers preceded by "f /", which forms a mathematical expression of the entrance pupil's diameter in terms of f and N. [1]

  3. Flash synchronization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_synchronization

    Either the flash is firing too late or the shutter speed is too fast (shutter moving vertically). Note the different exposure levels. In photography, flash synchronization or flash sync is the synchronizing the firing of a photographic flash with the opening of the shutter admitting light to photographic film or electronic image sensor. PC-socket

  4. Lens speed - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_speed

    Lens speed is the maximum aperture diameter, or minimum f-number, of a photographic lens. A lens with a larger than average maximum aperture (that is, a smaller minimum f-number) is called a "fast lens" because it can achieve the same exposure as an average lens with a faster shutter speed. Conversely, a smaller maximum aperture (larger minimum ...

  5. 35 mm equivalent focal length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35_mm_equivalent_focal_length

    On any 35 mm film camera, a 28 mm lens is a wide-angle lens, and a 200 mm lens is a long-focus lens. Because digital cameras have mostly replaced film cameras and the image sensor size that also determines the angle of view is not standardized as the film size was, there is no uniform relation between the lens focal length and the angle of view ...

  6. Exposure value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_value

    This camera has a fixed shutter speed, so the "EXP VALUE" ring simply sets the aperture. On most cameras, there is no direct way to transfer an EV to camera settings; however, a few cameras, such as some Voigtländer and Braun models or the Kodak Pony II shown in the photo, allowed direct setting of exposure value.

  7. Focal-plane shutter - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focal-plane_shutter

    A drop shutter-like mechanism with an adjustable slit was used at the focal plane of an apparently one-off William England camera in 1861 and this is considered the first FP shutter of any kind. [35] If the lens on a single curtain FP shutter camera has its lens cap off when the shutter is cocked, the film will be double exposed when the blind ...

  8. Exposure (photography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exposure_(photography)

    Exposure time is controlled in a camera by shutter speed, and the illuminance depends on the lens aperture and the scene luminance. Slower shutter speeds (exposing the medium for a longer period of time), greater lens apertures (admitting more light), and higher-luminance scenes produce greater exposures.

  9. Photographic lens design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_lens_design

    Prime lens - a photographic lens whose focal length is fixed, as opposed to a zoom lens, or that is the primary lens in a combination lens system. Zoom lenses - variable focal length lenses. Zoom lenses cover a range of focal lengths by utilising movable elements within the barrel of the lens assembly.