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The enthalpy change for this reaction is -57.62 kJ/mol at 25 °C. For weak acids or bases, the heat of neutralization is pH-dependent. [1] In the absence of any added mineral acid or alkali, some heat is required for complete dissociation. The total heat evolved during neutralization will be smaller.
In chemical synthesis of nanomaterials, the heat of neutralization reaction can be used to facilitate the chemical reduction of metal precursors. [3] Also in the digestive tract, neutralization reactions are used when food is moved from the stomach to the intestines.
Standard enthalpy of neutralization is the change in enthalpy that occurs when an acid and base undergo a neutralization reaction to form one mole of water. For example in aqueous solution , the standard enthalpy of neutralization of hydrochloric acid and the base magnesium hydroxide refers to the reaction HCl (aq) + 1/2 Mg(OH) 2 → 1/2 MgCl 2 ...
The heat of neutralization of a fully dissociated acid with a fully dissociated base is approximately –56kJ/mol. The reaction is thus strongly exothermic, and is an excellent basis for a wide range of analysis in industry.
To determine the change in enthalpy in a neutralization reaction (ΔH neutralization), a known amount of basic solution may be placed in a calorimeter, and the temperature of this solution alone recorded.
It can be prepared by treating a potassium-containing base such as potassium hydroxide or potassium carbonate with acetic acid: . CH 3 COOH + KOH → CH 3 COOK + H 2 O. This sort of reaction is known as an acid-base neutralization reaction.
This compound is the product of the half-neutralization of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). NaSH and sodium sulfide are used industrially, often for similar purposes. Solid NaSH is colorless. The solid has an odor of H 2 S owing to hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture.
A neutralization reaction is a type of double replacement reaction. A neutralization reaction occurs when an acid reacts with an equal amount of a base. This reaction usually produces a salt. One example, hydrochloric acid reacts with disodium iron tetracarbonyl to produce the iron dihydride: 2 HCl + Na 2 Fe(CO) 4 → 2 NaCl + H 2 Fe(CO) 4