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Ascites (/ ə ˈ s aɪ t i z /; [5] Greek: ἀσκός, romanized: askos, meaning "bag" or "sac" [6]) is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen. [1] Technically, it is more than 25 ml of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, although volumes greater than one liter may occur. [4]
Risk factors include ascites (the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen) and peritoneal dialysis. [4] Diagnosis is generally based on examination, blood tests, and medical imaging. [6] Treatment often includes antibiotics, intravenous fluids, pain medication, and surgery. [3] [4] Other measures may include a nasogastric tube or blood ...
Peritoneal fluid is a serous fluid made by the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity which lubricates the surface of tissue that lines the abdominal wall and pelvic cavity. It covers most of the organs in the abdomen. An increased volume of peritoneal fluid is called ascites. Sampling of peritoneal fluid is generally performed by paracentesis.
The diagnosis of SBP requires paracentesis, a sampling of the peritoneal fluid taken from the peritoneal cavity. [6] If the fluid contains large numbers of white blood cells known as neutrophils (>250 cells/μL), infection is confirmed and antibiotics will be given, without waiting for culture results. [7]
Heart failure and cirrhosis are also a common cause of distension. In both of these disorders, fluid accumulates in the abdomen and creates a sensation of fullness. Abdominal distension can also be a symptom of ovarian cancer. Women are more prone to bloating and often identify these symptoms during menstruation. [6]
This peritoneal lining of the cavity supports many of the abdominal organs and serves as a conduit for their blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves. The abdominal cavity (the space bounded by the vertebrae , abdominal muscles , diaphragm , and pelvic floor ) is different from the intraperitoneal space (located within the abdominal cavity ...
The peritoneal cavity is widely used in intraperitoneal injections to administer chemotherapy drugs, [5] [6] and is also utilized in peritoneal dialysis. [7] An increase in capillary pressure in the abdominal organs can cause fluid to leave the interstitial space and enter the peritoneal cavity, resulting in a condition called ascites.
Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a chronic clinical syndrome with an insidious onset that manifests as chronic undernourishment accompanied by sporadic, acute, or subacute gastrointestinal obstruction symptoms. [1] Peritoneal dialysis is most commonly linked to encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis, especially when peritoneal dialysis ...