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Ruby's design forces all instance variables to be private, but also provides a simple way to declare set and get methods. This is in keeping with the idea that in Ruby one never directly accesses the internal members of a class from outside the class; rather, one passes a message to the class and receives a response.
It is primarily associated with PHP, Ruby and Perl programming languages, which use it to declare hashes. Using a fat comma to bind key-value pairs in a hash, instead of using a comma, is considered an example of good idiomatic Perl. [1] In CoffeeScript and TypeScript, the fat comma is used to declare a function that is bound to this. [2] [3]
Ruby has been described as a multi-paradigm programming language: it allows procedural programming (defining functions/variables outside classes makes them part of the root, 'self' Object), with object orientation (everything is an object) or functional programming (it has anonymous functions, closures, and continuations; statements all have ...
A Use of the Y Combinator in Ruby - Implements autovivification in Ruby with the Y Combinator. Hash#autonew in the Ruby gem "facets" adds autovivification on hash reads; The Ruby gem "xkeys" facilitates nested structure traversal and autovivifies on array or hash writes
In JavaScript, an "object" is a mutable collection of key-value pairs ... Ruby's built-in Hash uses the open addressing model from Ruby 2.4 onwards. [55]
Object comparison Hash code Object ID Human-readable Source-compatible ABAP Objects — APL (Dyalog) ⍕x ⎕SRC x ⎕NS x: x = y — C++ x == y [52] pointer to object can be converted into an integer ID: C# x.ToString() x.Clone() x.Equals(y) x.CompareTo(y) x.GetHashCode() System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.GetHashCode(x) Java x ...
In Ruby, symbols can be created with a literal form, or by converting a string. [1] They can be used as an identifier or an interned string. [10] Two symbols with the same contents will always refer to the same object. [11] It is considered a best practice to use symbols as keys to an associative array in Ruby. [10] [12]
The most frequently used general-purpose implementation of an associative array is with a hash table: an array combined with a hash function that separates each key into a separate "bucket" of the array. The basic idea behind a hash table is that accessing an element of an array via its index is a simple, constant-time operation.