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The Dharwar Craton is an Archean continental crust craton formed between 3.6-2.5 billion years ago , which is located in southern India and considered the oldest part of the Indian peninsula. [ 2 ] Studies in the 2010s suggest that the craton can be separated into three crustal blocks since they show different accretionary history (i.e., the ...
A craton (/ ˈ k r eɪ t ɒ n / KRAYT-on, / ˈ k r æ t ɒ n / KRAT-on, or / ˈ k r eɪ t ən / KRAY-tən; [1] [2] [3] from Ancient Greek: κράτος kratos "strength") is an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, which consists of Earth's two topmost layers, the crust and the uppermost mantle.
Due to continental drift, the India Plate split from Madagascar and collided with the Eurasian Plate resulting in the formation of the Himalayas.. The earliest phase of tectonic evolution was marked by the cooling and solidification of the upper crust of the earth's surface in the Archaean Era (prior to 2.5 billion years) which is represented by the exposure of gneisses and granites especially ...
Generalized paleogeographic evolution of the Tibetan Plateau. Only tectonic blocks of interest, i.e. Lhasa block representing the S. Tibet (in yellow) and the simplified N. Tibet block (in blue) are shown. The inferred age in this model is not necessarily consistent with the timing of collisional onset as discussed in above sections.
c. 2,440 Ma – Formation of Gawler Craton in Australia. c. 2,400 Ma – Huronian glaciation starts, probably from oxidation of earlier methane greenhouse gas produced by burial of organic sediments of photosynthesizers. Formation of Dharwar Craton in southern India. c. 2,400 Ma – Dharwar Craton in southern India stabilizes.
A craton is an ancient stable continental block. [13] Also, a craton has survived from plate tectonics that pull apart, collide or tear continents. [13] On average, the felsic volcanic rocks only contribute to ≈15-20% in volcanic rocks of greenstone belts. [6] See Figure 2 and Table 1 for Examples of Archean felsic volcanic rocks occurrence.
Bundelkhand Craton (India) Dharwar Craton – Part of the Indian Shield in south India; Central Craton (Australia) Curnamona Craton (Australia) Gawler Craton – Province of the larger West Australian Shield in central South Australia; Indian Craton; Narooma terrane – Geological structural region on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia
The epilogue of the tectonic evolution was marked by granitic and rhyolitic magmatic events, namely the emplacement of the Erinpura granite and the Malani Volcanics on the western side of Aravalli-Delhi orogenic belt. [4] This event is ranked third among the largest igneous province in the globe, with a total area of about 52,000 km 2 in India. [9]