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A low efficacy-based therapeutic index and a high safety-based therapeutic index are preferable for a drug to have a favorable efficacy vs safety profile. At the early discovery/development stage, the clinical TI of a drug candidate is unknown.
Meprobamate—marketed as Miltown by Wallace Laboratories and Equanil by Wyeth, among others—is a carbamate derivative used as an anxiolytic drug. It was the best-selling minor tranquilizer for a time, but has largely been replaced by the benzodiazepines due to their wider therapeutic index (lower risk of toxicity at therapeutically prescribed doses) and lower incidence of serious side effects.
It is detectable in the plasma for up to three years following therapy. Etretinate has a low therapeutic index and a long elimination half-life (t 1/2) of 120 days, [2] which make dosing difficult. Etretinate has been replaced by acitretin, the free acid (without the ethyl ester).
Many drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Brand names and generic names are differentiated by capitalizing brand names. See also the list of the top 100 bestselling branded drugs , ranked by sales.
According to the US government classification of psychiatric medications, TCAs are "non-abusable" [63] and generally have low misuse potential. [64] Nonetheless, due to their atypical mechanism of action, amineptine and tianeptine (dopamine reuptake inhibition and μ-opioid receptor agonism, respectively) are the two TCAs with the highest ...
The protective index is similar to the therapeutic index, but concerns toxicity (TD 50) rather than lethality (LD 50); thus, the protective index is a smaller ratio. Toxicity can take many forms, as drugs typically have multiple side effects of varying severity, so a specific criterion of toxicity must be specified for the protective index to ...
inducing pioneering research and development of new drugs and; enabling competitors to bring low-cost, generic copies of those drugs to market'". [1] The Orange Book identifies drug products approved on the basis of safety and effectiveness by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act.
Low-dose naltrexone is cheap without side effects and used to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases like focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Naltrexone (Revia) for behavioral addiction: there is some belief that low-dose naltrexone may benefit the treatment of cancer, HIV, and multiple sclerosis by “normalizing” the immune system; however ...
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