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The overall length (OAL) of an ammunition cartridge is a measurement from the base of the brass shell casing to the tip of the bullet, seated into the brass casing. Cartridge overall length , or " COL ", is important to safe functioning of reloads in firearms.
Components of a modern bottleneck rifle cartridge. Top-to-bottom: Copper-jacketed bullet, smokeless powder granules, rimless brass case, Boxer primer.. Handloading, or reloading, is the practice of making firearm cartridges by manually assembling the individual components (metallic/polymer case, primer, propellant and projectile), rather than purchasing mass-assembled, factory-loaded ...
Caliber/calibre: In small arms, the internal diameter of a firearm's barrel or a cartridge's bullet, usually expressed in millimeters or hundredths of an inch; in measuring rifled barrels this may be measured across the lands (.303 British) or grooves (.308 Winchester) or; a specific cartridge for which a firearm is chambered, such as .45 ACP or .357 Magnum.
U.S. Government Printing Office. Accurate Powder [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] The .45-70 (11.6x53mmR) , also known as the .45-70 Government , .45-70 Springfield , and .45-2 1 ⁄ 10 " Sharps , is a .45 caliber rifle cartridge originally holding 70 grains of black powder that was developed at the U.S. Army 's Springfield Armory for use in the Springfield ...
The .30-06 Springfield cartridge (pronounced "thirty-aught-six" IPA [ˈθɝɾi ɔt sɪks]), 7.62×63mm in metric notation, and called the .30 Gov't '06 by Winchester, [5] was introduced to the United States Army in 1906 and later standardized; it remained in military use until the late 1970s.
Derived from the .50-60-400 Joslyn, the cartridge was developed after the unsatisfactory results of the .58 rimfire cartridge for the Springfield Model 1865 rifle. The .50-70 Government cartridge used the Benét internal center-fire primer design and became the official cartridge of the U.S. military in 1866 until being replaced by the .45-70 Government in 1873.
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Speer handloading guidance states that the loads they show should be used only in handguns made specifically for modern smokeless powder. The loads mentioned in No. 10 reloading manual state that they do not exceed 15,000 psi (100 MPa). This is the equivalent of +P loading as normal pressure for the .45 Colt is 14,000 psi (97 MPa). [11]