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  2. Treaty of Verdun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Verdun

    The Treaty of Verdun (French: Traité de Verdun, German: Vertrag von Verdun), agreed to on 10 August 843, ended the Carolingian civil war and divided the Carolingian Empire between Lothair I, Louis II and Charles II, the surviving sons of the emperor Louis I. The treaty was the culmination of negotiations lasting more than a year.

  3. East Francia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Francia

    It was created through the Treaty of Verdun (843) which divided the former empire into three kingdoms. [ a ] The east–west division with the Treaty of Verdun in 843, enforced by the Germanic - Latin language split, "gradually hardened into the establishment of separate kingdoms", [ 1 ] with East Francia becoming (or being) the Kingdom of ...

  4. Lothair I - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lothair_I

    Division of the Carolingian Empire under the Treaty of Verdun (843) Lothair was born in 795, to Louis the Pious and Ermengarde of Hesbaye. His father was the son of the reigning Emperor, Charlemagne. Little is known of Lothair's early life, which was probably passed at the court of his grandfather Charlemagne. In 814, the elderly emperor died ...

  5. List of treaties - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_treaties

    The oldest known surviving peace treaty in the world, the Egyptian–Hittite peace treaty preserved at the Temple of Amun in Karnak. This list of treaties contains known agreements, pacts, peaces, and major contracts between states, armies, governments, and tribal groups.

  6. Middle Francia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_Francia

    Middle Francia (Latin: Francia media) was a short-lived Frankish kingdom which was created in 843 by the Treaty of Verdun after an intermittent civil war between the grandsons of Charlemagne resulted in division of the united empire. Middle Francia was allocated to emperor Lothair I, the eldest son and successor of emperor Louis the Pious.

  7. Territorial evolution of France - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of...

    Partition of the Frankish Empire after the Treaty of Verdun 843. West Francia Middle Francia East Francia The division of the Carolingian Empire into West, Middle and East Francia at the Treaty of Verdun in 843 - with three grandsons of the emperor Charlemagne installed as their kings - was regarded at the time as a temporary arrangement, yet it heralded the birth of what would later become ...

  8. Oaths of Strasbourg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oaths_of_Strasbourg

    One year later the Treaty of Verdun would be signed, with major consequences for Western Europe's geopolitical landscape. Louis the German swore his oath in an early form of Old French so that the soldiers of Charles the Bald could understand him. Likewise, the latter recited his in Old High German so that Louis's soldiers would understand.

  9. Verdun - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdun

    The 843 Treaty of Verdun divided Charlemagne's empire among his three surviving grandsons. Around this time a city called Verdun was the centre of the thriving European trade in young boys, who were sold to the Islamic emirates of Iberia, where they were enslaved as eunuchs.