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A recent history of mosquito bites and an acute febrile illness associated with neurologic signs and symptoms should cause clinical suspicion of WNV. [57] Diagnosis of West Nile virus infections is generally accomplished by serologic testing of blood serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is obtained via a lumbar puncture. Initial screening ...
It is unclear if rapid viral testing in the emergency department for children with acute febrile respiratory infections reduces the rates of antibiotic use, blood testing, or urine testing. [11] The relative risk reduction of chest x-ray utilization in children screened with rapid viral testing is 77% compared with controls. [11]
Influenza-like illness (ILI), also known as flu-like syndrome or flu-like symptoms, is a medical diagnosis of possible influenza or other illness causing a set of common symptoms. These include fever, shivering , chills , malaise , dry cough , loss of appetite , body aches, nausea , and sneezing typically in connection with a sudden onset of ...
In a typical year, influenza viruses infect 5–15% of the global population, [3] [62] causing 3–5 million cases of severe illness annually [1] [2] and accounting for 290,000–650,000 deaths each year due to respiratory illness. [3] [4] [67] 5–10% of adults and 20–30% of children contract influenza each year. [23]
Acute bronchitis can be defined as acute bacterial or viral infection of the larger airways in healthy patients with no history of recurrent disease. [8] It affects over 40 adults per 1000 each year and consists of transient inflammation of the major bronchi and trachea. [ 9 ]
[7] [54] A neutropenic fever, also called febrile neutropenia, is a fever in the absence of normal immune system function. [55] Because of the lack of infection-fighting neutrophils , a bacterial infection can spread rapidly; this fever is, therefore, usually considered to require urgent medical attention. [ 56 ]
Febrile seizures are due to fevers, [12] usually those greater than 38 °C (100.4 °F). [16] The cause of the fevers is often a viral illness. [1] The likelihood of a febrile seizure is related to how high the temperature reaches. [1] [6] Some feel that the rate of increase is not important [1] while others feel the rate of increase is a risk ...
Current treatment guidelines recommend a beta-lactam, like amoxicillin, and a macrolide, like azithromycin or clarithromycin, or a quinolone, such as levofloxacin. Doxycycline is the antibiotic of choice in the UK for atypical bacteria, due to increased Clostridioides difficile infection in hospital patients linked to the increased use of ...