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Islamic geography began in the 8th century, influenced by Hellenistic geography, [2] combined with what explorers and merchants learned in their travels across the Old World (Afro-Eurasia). [1]
The history of Islam is believed by most historians [1] to have originated with Muhammad's mission in Mecca and Medina at the start of the 7th century CE, [2] [3] although Muslims regard this time as a return to the original faith passed down by the Abrahamic prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Solomon, and Jesus, with the submission (Islām) to the will of God.
He was born Muṣṭafa ibn 'Abd Allāh (مصطفى بن عبد الله) in Istanbul in February 1609 (Dhu’l-Qa‘da 1017 AH).His father was a sipahi [7] (cavalrist) and silāhdār (sword bearer) of the Sublime Porte and secretary in the Anadolı muhasebesi (Anatolian finance accountancy) in Istanbul.
Al-Maqdisi made his first Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) in 967. [5] During this period, he became determined to devote himself to the study of geography. [7] To acquire the necessary information, he undertook a series of journeys throughout the Islamic world, [7] [8] ultimately visiting all of its lands with the exception of al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), Sindh and Sistan. [8]
A Christian and a Muslim playing chess, illustration from the Book of Games of Alfonso X (c. 1285). [1]During the High Middle Ages, the Islamic world was an important contributor to the global cultural scene, innovating and supplying information and ideas to Europe, via Al-Andalus, Sicily and the Crusader kingdoms in the Levant.
Of Persian stock, [a] Dinawari was born in the (now ruined) town of Dinawar in modern-day western Iran.It had some importance due to its geographical location, serving as the entrance to the region of Jibal as well as a crossroad between the culture of Iran and that of the inhabitants on the other side of the Zagros Mountains.
Islam emerged in the desert, and the thirst and gratitude for water are embedded in its nature. In the Qur'an, rivers are the primary constituents of the paradise ...
Waldo Rudolph Tobler (November 16, 1930 – February 20, 2018) was an American-Swiss geographer and cartographer.Tobler is regarded as one of the most influential geographers and cartographers of the late 20th century and early 21st century.