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  2. Orbital decay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orbital_decay

    Orbital decay is a gradual decrease of the distance between two orbiting bodies at their closest approach (the periapsis) over many orbital periods.These orbiting bodies can be a planet and its satellite, a star and any object orbiting it, or components of any binary system.

  3. Kessler syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kessler_syndrome

    Orbital decay is much slower at altitudes where atmospheric drag is insignificant. Slight atmospheric drag , lunar perturbation , and solar wind drag can gradually bring debris down to lower altitudes where fragments finally re-enter, but this process can take millennia at very high altitudes.

  4. Specific orbital energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_orbital_energy

    The specific orbital energy associated with this orbit is −29.6 MJ/kg: the potential energy is −59.2 MJ/kg, and the kinetic energy 29.6 MJ/kg. Compared with the potential energy at the surface, which is −62.6 MJ/kg., the extra potential energy is 3.4 MJ/kg, and the total extra energy is 33.0 MJ/kg.

  5. Vis-viva equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vis-viva_equation

    the specific orbital energy, allowing an object orbiting a larger object to be classified as having not enough energy to remain in orbit, hence being "suborbital" (a ballistic missile, for example), having enough energy to be "orbital", but without the possibility to complete a full orbit anyway because it eventually collides with the other ...

  6. Decay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay

    1.1 Biology. 1.2 Physics. 1.3 Mathematics. 1.4 Psychology and sociology. ... Orbital decay, the process of prolonged reduction in the height of a satellite's orbit;

  7. Characteristic energy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_energy

    The characteristic energy with respect to Sun was negative, and MAVEN – instead of heading to infinity – entered an elliptical orbit around the Sun. But the maximal velocity on the new orbit could be approximated to 33.5 km/s by assuming that it reached practical "infinity" at 3.5 km/s and that such Earth-bound "infinity" also moves with ...

  8. Parabolic trajectory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parabolic_trajectory

    The green path in this image is an example of a parabolic trajectory. A parabolic trajectory is depicted in the bottom-left quadrant of this diagram, where the gravitational potential well of the central mass shows potential energy, and the kinetic energy of the parabolic trajectory is shown in red. The height of the kinetic energy decreases ...

  9. Elliptic orbit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_orbit

    For a given semi-major axis the specific orbital energy is independent of the eccentricity. Using the virial theorem to find: the time-average of the specific potential energy is equal to −2ε the time-average of r −1 is a −1; the time-average of the specific kinetic energy is equal to ε