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The rise of Persia under Cyrus's rule had a profound impact on the course of world history, including in forms of Iranian philosophy, literature and religion. Many of the Iranian dynasties following the Achaemenid Empire and their kings saw themselves as the heirs to Cyrus the Great and have claimed to continue the line begun by Cyrus.
Cyrus the Great 559 –530 BC (Emperor ... Ancient Persia is generally agreed to have ended with the collapse of the Achaemenid dynasty as a ... Rule contested with ...
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [16] also known as the Persian Empire [16] or First Persian Empire [17] (/ ə ˈ k iː m ə n ɪ d /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 18 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 19 ] ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
The center of the Persian state was located around the city of Pasargadae, where an intensive construction program began in the early years of Cyrus's reign. [11] Under his rule, the two Persian kingdoms were united once again, but Cyrus still owed allegiance to the Median king. [6]
In the sixth year of Nabonidus (550/549) Cyrus the Great, the Achaemenid Persian king of Anshan in Elam, revolted against his suzerain Astyages, king of the Manda or Medes, at Ecbatana. Astyages' army betrayed him, and Cyrus established his rule at Ecbatana, putting an end to the Median Empire and elevating the Persians among the Iranic peoples.
Under Cyrus the Great and Darius I, the Persian Empire eventually became the largest empire in human history up until that point, ruling and administrating over most of the then known world, [57] as well as spanning the continents of Europe, Asia, and Africa. The greatest achievement was the empire itself.
Achaemenid coin, an imitation of an Athenian coin type, of the sort found in the Kabul hoard. [5]Around 535 BCE, the Persian king Cyrus the Great initiated a protracted campaign to absorb parts of India into his nascent Achaemenid Empire. [1]
The Medes were an Iranian people who had become a major political power in the Near East by 612 BCE, when they joined the Babylonians in overthrowing Assyria. [6] Their kingdom came to an end in 550 BCE (or 553 BC according to some sources), when it was conquered by Cyrus the Great, the Persian king of Anshan in south-western Iran.