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Angular cheilitis is thought to be a multifactorial disorder of infectious origin, [10] with many local and systemic predisposing factors. [11] The sores in angular cheilitis are often infected with fungi (yeasts), bacteria, or a combination thereof; [8] this may represent a secondary, opportunistic infection by these pathogens.
Cheilitis is a general term, and there are many recognized types and different causes. According to its onset and course, cheilitis can be either acute or chronic. [2] Most cheilitis is caused by exogenous factors such as dryness (chapping) and acute sun exposure. [2] Allergic tests may identify allergens that cause cheilitis. [3]
Actinic cheilitis is cheilitis (lip inflammation) caused by long term sunlight exposure. Essentially it is a burn, [2] and a variant of actinic keratosis which occurs on the lip. [5] It is a premalignant condition, [6] as it can develop into squamous cell carcinoma (a type of mouth cancer).
Plummer–Vinson syndrome (also known as Paterson–Kelly syndrome [1] or Paterson–Brown-Kelly syndrome in the UK [2]) is a rare disease characterized by dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), iron-deficiency anemia, glossitis (inflammation of the tongue), cheilosis (cracking at the corners of the mouth), and esophageal webs (thin membranes in the esophagus that can cause obstruction). [1]
Melanocytic nevi and neoplasms are caused by either a proliferation of (1) melanocytes, or (2) nevus cells, a form of melanocyte that lack dendritic processes. [78] [79] Acral nevus (melanocytic nevus of acral skin, melanocytic nevus with intraepidermal ascent of cells) Amelanotic blue nevus (hypomelanotic blue nevus) Becker's nevus; Balloon ...
Iron-deficiency anemia is mainly caused by blood loss, such as may occur during menses or gastrointestinal hemorrhage.This often results in a depapilled, atrophic glossitis, giving the tongue a bald and shiny appearance, along with pallor (paleness) of the lips and other mucous membranes a tendency towards recurrent oral ulceration, [6] and cheilosis (swelling of the lips). [7]
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A cold sore [a] is a type of herpes infection caused by the herpes simplex virus that affects primarily the lip. [1] Symptoms typically include a burning pain followed by small blisters or sores. [1]