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The weight of an object on Earth's surface is the downwards force on that object, given by Newton's second law of motion, or F = m a (force = mass × acceleration). Gravitational acceleration contributes to the total gravity acceleration, but other factors, such as the rotation of Earth, also contribute, and, therefore, affect the weight of the ...
where F is the gravitational force acting between two objects, m 1 and m 2 are the masses of the objects, r is the distance between the centers of their masses, and G is the gravitational constant. The first test of Newton's law of gravitation between masses in the laboratory was the Cavendish experiment conducted by the British scientist Henry ...
Simplistic estimate of force of sunlight on Earth [29] 10 9 N giganewton (GN) 10 20 N 200 EN Gravitational attraction between Earth and Moon [30] 10 22 N 35 ZN Gravitational attraction between Earth and Sun [31] 10 29 N ≈450 RN Gravitational attraction between our Galaxy and Andromeda Galaxy [32] 10 44 N 1.2 × 10 14 QN: Planck force
In physics, gravity (from Latin gravitas 'weight' [1]) is a fundamental interaction primarily observed as a mutual attraction between all things that have mass.Gravity is, by far, the weakest of the four fundamental interactions, approximately 10 38 times weaker than the strong interaction, 10 36 times weaker than the electromagnetic force, and 10 29 times weaker than the weak interaction.
In classical mechanics, a gravitational field is a physical quantity. [5] A gravitational field can be defined using Newton's law of universal gravitation. Determined in this way, the gravitational field g around a single particle of mass M is a vector field consisting at every point of a vector pointing directly towards the particle. The ...
Gravitational acceleration, the acceleration caused by the gravitational attraction of massive bodies in general; Gravity of Earth, the acceleration caused by the combination of gravitational attraction and centrifugal force of the Earth; Standard gravity, or g, the standard value of gravitational acceleration at sea level on Earth
The strong interaction, or strong nuclear force, is the most complicated interaction, mainly because of the way it varies with distance. The nuclear force is powerfully attractive between nucleons at distances of about 1 femtometre (fm, or 10 −15 metres), but it rapidly decreases to insignificance at distances beyond about 2.5 fm. At ...
Gravitational forces make rocks press down on deeper rocks, increasing their density as the depth increases. [10] Measurements of gravitational acceleration and gravitational potential at the Earth's surface and above it can be used to look for mineral deposits (see gravity anomaly and gravimetry). [11] The surface gravitational field provides ...