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The script became prominent with the spread of Islam, supplanting the earlier writing systems. The Malays held the script in high esteem, believing it was a gateway to understanding Islam and its Holy Book, the Quran. The use of Jawi script was a key factor driving the emergence of Malay as the lingua franca of the region. [19]
The Malay alphabet has a phonemic orthography; words are spelled the way they are pronounced, with a notable defectiveness: /ə/ and /e/ are both written as E/e.The names of the letters, however, differ between Indonesia and rest of the Malay-speaking countries; while Malaysia, Brunei and Singapore follow the letter names of the English alphabet, Indonesia largely follows the letter names of ...
Detail of Rencong script, a writing system found in central Sumatra, Indonesia. [1] The text reads (Voorhoeve's spelling): "haku manangis ma / njaru ka'u ka'u di / saru tijada da / tang [hitu hadik sa]", which is translated by Voorhoeve as: "I am weeping, calling you; though called, you do not come" (hitu adik sa- is the rest of 4th line.)
The first known attempt to use the Latin script or 'Rumi' for writing Malay words was by Duarte Barbosa in 1518 in Melaka, shortly after its conquest by the Portuguese in 1511. [4] A few years later, in 1522, the world's first Malay–European dictionary was compiled by Antonio Pigafetta, an Italian companion of Ferdinand Magellan.
Since then, Islamic beliefs and concepts began to make its mark on Malay literature. The Terengganu Inscription Stone, which is dated to 1303, is the earliest known narrative Malay writing. The stone is inscribed with an account of history, law, and romance in Jawi script. [118]
Over the time, the script was modified and adapted to suit the spoken Classical Malay language, and thus Jawi script was created. This development heralded a new age of literacy , when converts to the new faith gradually replaced the previous Indian-derived scripts with Jawi, in expressing their new belief.
The Rencong script (Dutch: Rèntjong-schrift) is another well-known naming system. "Rencong" is thought to be derived from the Old Malay word mèncong , which means oblique or italics. [ 8 ] [ 9 ] It could also be derived from the word runcing ('sharp'), as this script family was originally written with a sharp knife tip. [ 10 ]
Jawi (Javanese: ꦗꦮꦶ, romanized: jawi), a Javanese Krama (polite Javanese) word to refer to Java Island or Javanese people; see Jawi script § Etymology; Jawi script, an Arabic script developed for writing Malay and other languages in Southeast Asia Kelantan-Pattani Malay, sometimes called Jawi due to being written in Jawi script