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It is classically described that there are three sites in the ureter where a kidney stone will commonly become stuck: where the ureter meets the renal pelvis; where the iliac blood vessels cross the ureters; and where the ureters enter the urinary bladder, [9] however a retrospective case study, which is a primary source, of where stones lodged ...
The human urinary system, also known as the urinary tract or renal system, consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH.
In placental mammals, urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra during urination. [1] [2] In humans, the bladder is a distensible organ that sits on the pelvic floor. The typical adult human bladder will hold between 300 and 500 ml (10 and 17 fl oz) before the urge to empty occurs, but can hold considerably more. [3] [4]
Nephrology is the medical specialty which addresses diseases of kidney function: these include CKD, nephritic and nephrotic syndromes, acute kidney injury, and pyelonephritis. Urology addresses diseases of kidney (and urinary tract) anatomy : these include cancer , renal cysts , kidney stones and ureteral stones , and urinary tract obstruction .
In monotremes, the ureters open into the urogenital sinus, which is connected to the urinary bladder and cloaca, [65] and urine is excreted into the cloaca instead of the urethra. [66] [65] Structurally, kidneys vary between mammals. [67] Which structural type a particular species will have depends mainly on the body mass of the species. [68]
The name reflects that each renal pelvis collects urine from the calyces and funnels it into the ureter like a wash basin collects water and funnels it into a drain pipe. The renal pelvis is occasionally called the pyelum (from Greek πύελος pýelos , "trough", ‘anything hollow’), and the combining form pyelo- denotes the renal pelvis ...
Diagrams to show the development of male and female generative organs from a common type. A.—Diagram of the primitive urogenital organs in the embryo previous to sexual distinction. 3. Ureter. 4. Urinary bladder. 5. Urachus. cl. Cloaca. cp. Elevation which becomes clitoris or penis. i. Lower part of the intestine. ls.
Facet cells (also known as umbrella cells, [1] capping cells, superficial urotheliocytes) are a type of cells located in the renal pelvis, the ureters, and the urethra. Umbrella cells form the outermost layer of the urothelium, which is a special type of epithelium found in the renal pelvis, the ureters, and the urethra.