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8 June 632. First holder. Abu Bakr. Final holder. Abdulmejid II. Abolished. 3 March 1924 (as political office in Turkey) A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1][2] Caliphs led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised ...
List of Abbasid caliphs. The Abbasid caliphs were the holders of the Islamic title of caliph who were members of the Abbasid dynasty, a branch of the Quraysh tribe descended from the uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, Al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The family came to power in the Abbasid Revolution in 748–750, supplanting the Umayyad ...
A caliphate or khilāfah (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ) is a monarchical form of government (initially elective, later absolute) that originated in the 7th century Arabia, whose political identity is based on a claim of succession to the Islamic State of Muhammad and the identification of a monarch called caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; Arabic: خَلِيفَةْ [xæ'liːfæh ...
المهدي. 27 August 909 –. 4 March 934. 873. Salamiyah, Syria. 4 March 934. His claim to be the Mahdi caused the Qarmatian schism in 899. Fled Salamiya in 903, and settled at Sijilmasa in 905 while Abu Abdallah al-Shi'i overthrew the Aghlabids and established the Fatimid Caliphate in his name in 909.
The caliph al-Muqtafi was the first Abbasid Caliph to regain the full military independence of the caliphate, with the help of his vizier Ibn Hubayra. After nearly 250 years of subjection to foreign dynasties, he successfully defended Baghdad against the Seljuqs in the siege of Baghdad (1157) , thus securing Iraq for the Abbasids.
The Rashidun Caliphate (Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَةُ ٱلرَّاشِدَةُ, romanized: al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah) was the first caliphate to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad. It was ruled by the first four successive caliphs of Muhammad after his death in 632 CE. During its existence, the empire was the most powerful economic ...
Category:Abbasid caliphs. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abbasid caliphs. Abbasid caliphs — caliphs (Muslim rulers) of the Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258 Middle East, 1261–1517 Egypt) The main article for this category is List of Abbasid caliphs.
Governor () Start End Caliph Comments 1 Amr ibn al-As: 661 January 664 Mu'awiya-Amr's arrangement : As per his agreement with Mu'awiya, Amr was installed as governor of Egypt for life and ruled as a virtual partner rather than a subordinate of Mu'awiya, who had become caliph after Ali's assassination and his son al-Hasan's abdication in 661.