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*These are common phonological processes (patterns). The list is not exhaustive. **Individual differences can be significant. References. Bauman-Waengler, J. A. (2012). Articulatory and phonological impairments. New York, NY: Pearson Higher Education. Bernthal, J., Bankson, N. W., & Flipsen, P., Jr. (2013). Articulation and phonological ...
This FREE DOWNLOAD comes in 2 sizes: 8.5” x 11” for a quick desk reference and 24” x 36“ poster size, perfect for your speech room wall.
Here are some common phonological processes that occur in children’s language development, along with brief explanations and the ages they typically resolve. Phonological Processes fall under three categories: syllable structure, substitution, and assimilation (downloadable chart below).
Phonological process Description Example Approximate age of elimination Cluster reduction When a consonant cluster is produced with only one consonant “truck” à “tuck” “slide” à “side” “brown” à “bown” ~4 years; Including /s/, gone by 5 years Final consonant deletion When the last consonant of a word is omitted
What Are Phonological Processes? Phonological processes are patterns of sound replacements that children use to simplify their speech. When a child is young, he hears the speech sounds of the language used around him, but he can't yet produce all of them.
Phonological processes are patterns of sound errors to simplify speech as typically developing children are learning how to speak. Phonological disorders are when a phonological process is
A review of 16 major phonological processes. Language, Speech, and Hearing in Schools; 13, 77-85. Phonological processes are patterns of articulation that are developmentally appropriate in children learning to speak up until the ages listed below.
In these examples, /p/ is replaced by /b/, and /k/ is replaced by / /. Other examples might include /t/ being replaced by /d/, or /f/ being replaced by /v/ A final voiced consonant in a word is replaced by a voiceless consonant. Here, /d/ has been replaced by /t/, and / / has been replaced by /k/ The final consonant in the word is omitted.
When children are learning, they often need to simplify their speech until they develop the strength and coordination needed to produce many sounds.The developmental patterns of speech they use are called phonological processes.
Below I’ve included a link to download my Phonological Processes Chart which lists common phonological processes and an approximate age at which children should no longer be using them.