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Specific volume is the volume of the mixture (dry air plus the water vapor) containing one unit of mass of "dry air". The SI units are cubic meters per kilogram of dry air; other units are cubic feet per pound of dry air. The inverse of specific volume is usually confused as the density of the mixture. [11]
The unit weight of a soil when all void spaces of the soil are completely filled with air, with no water. The formula for dry unit weight is: = + = + where γ is the moist unit weight of the material; γ d is the dry unit weight of the material; γ w is the unit weight of water; w is the moisture content of the material; G s is the specific ...
Total suspended solids. Total suspended solids (TSS) is the dry-weight of suspended particles, that are not dissolved, in a sample of water that can be trapped by a filter that is analyzed using a filtration apparatus known as sintered glass crucible. TSS is a water quality parameter used to assess the quality of a specimen of any type of water ...
At first, the dry unit weight after compaction increases as the moisture content (ω) increases, but after the optimum moisture content (ω opt) percentage is exceeded, any added water will result in a reduction in dry unit weight because the pore water pressure (pressure of water in-between each soil particle) will be pushing the soil ...
Void ratio. The void ratio ( ) of a mixture of solids and fluids (gases and liquids), or of a porous composite material such as concrete, is the ratio of the volume of the voids ( ) filled by the fluids to the volume of all the solids ( ). It is a dimensionless quantity in materials science and in soil science, and is closely related to the ...
The density of quartz is around 2.65 g/cm 3 but the (dry) bulk density of a mineral soil is normally about half that density, between 1.0 and 1.6 g/cm 3. In contrast, soils rich in soil organic carbon and some friable clays tend to have lower bulk densities ( <1.0 g/cm 3 ) due to a combination of the low-density of the organic materials ...
Pore water pressure (sometimes abbreviated to pwp) refers to the pressure of groundwater held within a soil or rock, in gaps between particles (pores). Pore water pressures below the phreatic level of the groundwater are measured with piezometers. The vertical pore water pressure distribution in aquifers can generally be assumed to be close to ...
Psychrometric constant. The psychrometric constant γ relates the partial pressure of water in air to the air temperature. This lets one interpolate actual vapor pressure from paired dry and wet thermometer bulb temperature readings. [ 1 ] M W ratio molecular weight of water vapor/dry air = 0.622. Both and M are constants.