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A reference range is usually defined as the set of values 95 percent of the normal population ... HDL cholesterol: Male: 0.9 [5] [67] 2.0 [67 ... 3.8, [14] 4.0 [5] 6. ...
There is no absolute cutoff between normal and abnormal cholesterol levels, and values must be considered in relation to other health conditions and risk factors. [35] [36] [37] Higher levels of total cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary heart disease. [38]
[40] [41] LDL cholesterol transports cholesterol particles throughout the body, and can build up in the walls of the arteries, making them hard and narrow. [42] LDL cholesterol is produced naturally by the body, but eating a diet high in saturated fat, trans fats, and cholesterol can increase LDL levels. [43]
Cholesterol is tested to determine for "normal" or "desirable" levels if a person has a total cholesterol of 5.2 mmol/L or less (200 mg/dL), an HDL value of more than 1 mmol/L (40 mg/dL, "the higher, the better"), an LDL value of less than 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL), and a triglycerides level of less than 1.7 mmol/L (150 mg/dL).
The standard definition of a reference range for a particular measurement is defined as the interval between which 95% of values of a reference population fall into, in such a way that 2.5% of the time a value will be less than the lower limit of this interval, and 2.5% of the time it will be larger than the upper limit of this interval, whatever the distribution of these values.
male 2.9-17 × 10 −11: female, follicular 2-15 × 10 −11: female, 1–10 days of cycle 4.3-18 × 10 −11: female, 11–20 days of cycle 7.5-19.6 × 10 −11: female, 20–29 days of cycle 13.1-20.1 × 10 −11: pregnancy, weeks 22-30 3-5 × 10 −9: pregnancy, weeks 32-37 5-6 × 10 −9: pregnancy, weeks 38-41 7-10 × 10 −9: Ethanol ...
Those who quit smoking gain an average of 4.4 kilograms (9.7 lb) for men and 5.0 kilograms (11.0 lb) for women over ten years. [156] However, changing rates of smoking have had little effect on the overall rates of obesity.
The consumption of saturated fat is generally considered a risk factor for dyslipidemia—abnormal blood lipid levels, including high total cholesterol, high levels of triglycerides, high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL, "bad" cholesterol) or low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL, "good" cholesterol). These parameters in turn are ...