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  2. Radiobiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiobiology

    High radiation dose gives rise to deterministic effects which reliably occur above a threshold, and their severity increases with dose. Deterministic effects are not necessarily more or less serious than stochastic effects; either can ultimately lead to a temporary nuisance or a fatality. Examples of deterministic effects are:

  3. Linear no-threshold model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_no-threshold_model

    In very high dose radiation therapy, it was known at the time that radiation can cause a physiological increase in the rate of pregnancy anomalies; however, human exposure data and animal testing suggests that the "malformation of organs appears to be a deterministic effect with a threshold dose", below which no rate increase is observed. [19]

  4. Radiation exposure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_exposure

    There are two general categories of adverse health effects caused by radiation exposure: deterministic effects and stochastic effects. [2] Deterministic effects (harmful tissue reactions) are due to the killing/malfunction of cells following high doses; and stochastic effects involve either cancer development in exposed individuals caused by ...

  5. Relative biological effectiveness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relative_biological...

    RBEs can be used for either cancer/hereditary risks or for harmful tissue reactions (deterministic) effects. Tissues have different RBEs depending on the type of effect. For high LET radiation (i.e., alphas and neutrons), the RBEs for deterministic effects tend to be lower than those for stochastic effects. [1]

  6. Chronic radiation syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_radiation_syndrome

    Chronic radiation syndrome develops with a speed and severity proportional to the radiation dose received (i.e., it is a deterministic effect of exposure to ionizing radiation), unlike radiation-induced cancer.

  7. Effective dose (radiation) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_dose_(radiation)

    Effective dose is a dose quantity in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) system of radiological protection. [1]It is the tissue-weighted sum of the equivalent doses in all specified tissues and organs of the human body and represents the stochastic health risk to the whole body, which is the probability of cancer induction and genetic effects, of low levels of ...

  8. Absorbed dose - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbed_dose

    Conventionally, in radiation protection, unmodified absorbed dose is only used for indicating the immediate health effects due to high levels of acute dose. These are tissue effects, such as in acute radiation syndrome, which are also known as deterministic effects. These are effects which are certain to happen in a short time.

  9. Sievert - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sievert

    The deterministic (acute tissue damage) effects that can lead to acute radiation syndrome only occur in the case of acute high doses (≳ 0.1 Gy) and high dose rates (≳ 0.1 Gy/h) and are conventionally not measured using the unit sievert, but use the unit gray (Gy). A model of deterministic risk would require different weighting factors (not ...