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A genetically modified mouse, genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) [1] or transgenic mouse is a mouse (Mus musculus) that has had its genome altered through the use of genetic engineering techniques. Genetically modified mice are commonly used for research or as animal models of human diseases and are also used for research on genes.
GCaMP consists of three key domains: an M13 domain at the N-terminus, a calmodulin (CaM) domain at the C-terminus, and a GFP domain in the center.The GFP domain is circularly permuted such that the native N- and C-termini are fused together by a six-amino-acid linking sequence, and the GFP sequence is split in the middle, creating new N- and C-termini that connect to the M13 and CaM domains.
During her time at Stanford University, Barth developed and filed a provisional patent for the “fosGFP” mouse, a transgenic mouse that labels green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in vivo and visualizes neurons undergoing plasticity.
By using "high-expresser" GFP, transgenic rats display high expression in most tissues, and many cells that have not been characterized or have been only poorly characterized in previous GFP-transgenic rats. GFP has been shown to be useful in cryobiology as a viability assay. Correlation of viability as measured by trypan blue assays were 0.97 ...
[23] [24] However it took another eight years before transgenic mice were developed that passed the transgene to their offspring. [25] [26] Genetically modified mice were created in 1984 that carried cloned oncogenes, predisposing them to developing cancer. [27] Mice with genes knocked out (knockout mouse) were created in 1989.
His work helped establish the identity and function of ion channel proteins in muscle cells, and his laboratory helped create and progressively improve Green Fluroescent Protein (GFP)-based optogenetic sensor molecules, termed GCaMPs, and created the first transgenic mouse expressing an optogenetic sensor.
A brainbow of mouse neurons from Smith, 2007. Brainbow was initially developed by Jeff W. Lichtman and Joshua R. Sanes at Washington University in St. Louis. [1] The team constructed Brainbow using a two-step process: first, a specific genetic construct was generated that could be recombined in multiple arrangements to produce one of either three or four colors based on the particular ...
Time-lapse two-photon intravital microscopy over a period of 54 minutes: microglial cells of the brain responding to acute laser lesion in an Alzheimer's disease mouse. Microglial cells of this transgenic mouse produce GFP that allows cells to be visualised (green). The ability of microglial cells (green) to extend toward a laser lesion is ...