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Some deposits result from high content of magnesium chloride in the primordial ocean. [3] Some magnesium chloride is made from evaporation of seawater. In the Dow process, magnesium chloride is regenerated from magnesium hydroxide using hydrochloric acid: Mg(OH) 2 + 2 HCl → MgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O
The magnesium chloride can be obtained using the Dow process, a process that mixes sea water and dolomite in a flocculator or by dehydration of magnesium chloride brines. The electrolytic cells are partially submerged in a molten salt electrolyte to which the produced magnesium chloride is added in concentrations between 6–18%. [44]
The Dow process may refer to: Dow process (bromine), a method of bromine extraction from brine; Dow process (magnesium), a method of magnesium extraction from brine; Dow process (phenol), a method of phenol production through the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene
Vapor-deposited magnesium crystals from the Pidgeon process. The Pidgeon process is a practical method for smelting magnesium.The most common method involves the raw material, dolomite being fed into an externally heated reduction tank and then thermally reduced to metallic magnesium using 75% ferrosilicon as a reducing agent in a vacuum. [1]
This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison. As of 2020, the most expensive non-synthetic element by both mass and volume is rhodium.
Magnesium salts are included in various foods, fertilizers (magnesium is a component of chlorophyll), and microbe culture media. Magnesium sulfite is used in the manufacture of paper (sulfite process). Magnesium phosphate is used to fireproof wood used in construction. Magnesium hexafluorosilicate is used for moth-proofing textiles.
Electrolysis of the resulting molten magnesium chloride is conducted at 700 °C (1,292 °F): [6] MgCl 2 → Mg + Cl 2. Aluminium metal is produced from aluminium oxides by electrolysis of a molten mixture of sodium hexafluoroaluminate and alumina at 950 °C (1,740 °F). This conversion is called the Hall-Haroult process. [7]
This process involves additional hydrolysis, turning some H 2 O ligands into OH − and freeing more H +, which keeps dissolving more oxide. With enough magnesium chloride, the dissolution of the oxide is relatively fast, and a clear solution of magnesium aquohydroxo cations can be obtained by filtration. [13] [12]