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Some deposits result from high content of magnesium chloride in the primordial ocean. [3] Some magnesium chloride is made from evaporation of seawater. In the Dow process, magnesium chloride is regenerated from magnesium hydroxide using hydrochloric acid: Mg(OH) 2 + 2 HCl → MgCl 2 + 2 H 2 O
The magnesium chloride can be obtained using the Dow process, a process that mixes sea water and dolomite in a flocculator or by dehydration of magnesium chloride brines. The electrolytic cells are partially submerged in a molten salt electrolyte to which the produced magnesium chloride is added in concentrations between 6–18%. [44]
Electrolysis of the resulting molten magnesium chloride is conducted at 700 °C (1,292 °F): [6] MgCl 2 → Mg + Cl 2. Aluminium metal is produced from aluminium oxides by electrolysis of a molten mixture of sodium hexafluoroaluminate and alumina at 950 °C (1,740 °F). This conversion is called the Hall-Haroult process. [7]
Brine mining is the extraction of useful materials (chemical elements or compounds) which are naturally dissolved in brine.The brine may be seawater, other surface water, groundwater, or hyper-saline solutions from several industries (e.g., textile industries). [1]
Bittern (pl. bitterns), or nigari, is the salt solution formed when halite (table salt) precipitates from seawater or brines. Bitterns contain magnesium, calcium, and potassium ions as well as chloride, sulfate, iodide, and other ions. [2] [3] Bittern is commonly formed in salt ponds where the evaporation of water prompts the precipitation of ...
Vapor-deposited magnesium crystals from the Pidgeon process. The Pidgeon process is a practical method for smelting magnesium.The most common method involves the raw material, dolomite being fed into an externally heated reduction tank and then thermally reduced to metallic magnesium using 75% ferrosilicon as a reducing agent in a vacuum. [1]
The Dow process may refer to: Dow process (bromine), a method of bromine extraction from brine; Dow process (magnesium), a method of magnesium extraction from brine; Dow process (phenol), a method of phenol production through the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene
In 1968, the first gas-phase fluidized-bed polymerization process, the Unipol process, was commercialized by Union Carbide to produce polyethylene. In the mid-1980s, the Unipol process was further extended to produce polypropylene. In the 1970s, magnesium chloride (MgCl 2) was discovered to greatly enhance the activity of the titanium-based ...