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to diagnose acute appendicitis [1] to diagnose and manage gynecologic problems including endometriosis, leiomyoma, adenomyosis, ovarian cysts and lesions, to identify adnexal masses, including ectopic pregnancy, to diagnose gynecologic cancer; in infertility treatments to track the response of ovarian follicles to fertility medication (i.e ...
Hysteroscopy has been carried out in hospitals, surgical centers and doctors' offices. It is best carried out when the endometrium is relatively thin, that is after a menstruation. Both diagnostic and simple operative hysteroscopy can be carried out in an office or clinic setting on suitably selected patients. Local anesthesia can be used.
Other treatments target the underlying cause of the hematometra; for example, a hysteroscopy may be required to resect adhesions that have developed following a previous surgery. [1] If the cause of the hematometra is unclear, a biopsy of endometrial tissue can be taken to test for the presence of a neoplasm (cancer). [5]
Transvaginal ultrasonography is generally done before obtaining an endometrial biopsy as it may help in the gynecologic diagnosis, or even make the taking of a biopsy superfluous if the lining is thin. If the endometrial lining is less than 5 mm thick on sonography, it is highly unusual to encounter endometrial cancer. [1]
These tissue samples can come from a uterine biopsy or directly following a hysterectomy. Uterine biopsies can be obtained by either a laparoscopic procedure through the abdomen or hysteroscopy through the vagina and cervix. [6] The diagnosis is established when the pathologist finds invading clusters of endometrial tissue within the myometrium.
Endometriosis is a condition that causes severe symptoms in up to 11% of women of reproductive age. It occurs when cells similar to endometrial tissue that lines the uterus grow elsewhere in the body.
Besides physical symptoms, endometriosis can have an effect on the mental health and social life of people. [14] Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms and medical imaging; [3] however, a definitive diagnosis is made through laparoscopy (excision is the gold standard) and biopsy. [3]
Endometrioma is found in 17–44% patients with endometriosis. [2] More broadly, endometriosis is the presence of tissue similar to, but distinct from, endometrial tissue located outside the uterus. The presence of endometriosis can result in the formation of scar tissue, adhesions and an inflammatory reaction.