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It is stimulated by decreased O 2 in circulation, which is detected by the kidneys, which then secrete the hormone erythropoietin. [2] This hormone stimulates proliferation and differentiation of red cell precursors, which activates increased erythropoiesis in the hemopoietic tissues, ultimately producing red blood cells (erythrocytes). [2]
Erythropoietin (/ ɪ ˌ r ɪ θ r oʊ ˈ p ɔɪ. ɪ t ɪ n,-r ə-,-p ɔɪ ˈ ɛ t ɪ n,-ˈ iː t ɪ n /; [1] [2] [3] EPO), also known as erythropoetin, haematopoietin, or haemopoietin, is a glycoprotein cytokine secreted mainly by the kidneys in response to cellular hypoxia; it stimulates red blood cell production (erythropoiesis) in the bone marrow.
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA) are medications which stimulate the bone marrow to make red blood cells. [1] They are used to treat anemia due to end stage kidney disease, chemotherapy, major surgery, or certain treatments in HIV/AIDS. [1] [2] In these situations they decrease the need for blood transfusions. [2]
These functions are highly dependent on the membrane composition. The red blood cell membrane is composed of 3 layers: the glycocalyx on the exterior, which is rich in carbohydrates ; the lipid bilayer which contains many transmembrane proteins , besides its lipidic main constituents; and the membrane skeleton, a structural network of proteins ...
Megakaryocytes function in the process of Thrombopoiesis by producing platelets and releasing platelets into the bloodstream. [6] Megakaryocyte development is regulated mainly by thrombopoietin. IL-3, IL-6, and IL-11 also play a role in the development of megakaryocytes by working closely with thrombopoietin.
13857 Ensembl ENSG00000187266 ENSMUSG00000006235 UniProt P19235 P14753 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_000121 NM_010149 RefSeq (protein) NP_000112 NP_034279 Location (UCSC) Chr 19: 11.38 – 11.38 Mb Chr 9: 21.87 – 21.87 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse The erythropoietin receptor (EpoR) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EPOR gene. EpoR is a 52 kDa peptide with a single ...
Maryland Gov. Wes Moore and the Maryland Transportation Authority (MDTA) unveiled the design for the new Francis Scott Key Bridge almost a year after it was hit by a cargo ship, causing it to ...
[8] [9] Epoetin alfa is an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent. [8] It stimulates erythropoiesis (increasing red blood cell levels) and is used to treat anemia, commonly associated with chronic kidney failure and cancer chemotherapy. Epoetin alfa is developed by Amgen. [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [10]