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The library, it is estimated, amassed over 200,000 volumes, making it the second largest ancient library. [18] Libraries of the Forum Consisted of separate libraries founded in the time of Augustus near the Roman Forum that contained both Greek and Latin texts, separately housed, as was the conventional practice.
The most famous library of the ancient Near East was the Library of Ashurbanipal in Nineveh, founded in the seventh century BC by the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal (ruled 668–c. 627 BC). [14] [3] A large library also existed in Babylon during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II (c. 605–c. 562 BC). [15]
The Library of Alexandria, in Egypt, was the largest and most significant great library of the ancient world. [21] It flourished under the patronage of the Ptolemaic dynasty and functioned as a major center of scholarship from its construction in the 3rd century BC until the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BC.
The Epic of Gilgamesh, a masterpiece of ancient Babylonian poetry, was found in the library, as was the Enûma Eliš creation story, the myth of Adapa, the first man, and stories such as the Poor Man of Nippur. [16] [17] [18] Another group of literary texts is the lexical texts and sign lists.
Library of Zimri-Lim: Mari: Ancient Mesopotamia: 1761 BC Hammurabi of the Old Babylonian Empire: The kingdom was invaded by Hammurabi who defeated Zimri-Lim in battle in c. 1761 BC and ended the Lim dynasty. [6] Mari survived the destruction and rebelled against Babylon in c. 1759 BC, causing Hammurabi to destroy the whole city. [7] Library of ...
The Library of Celsus is considered an architectural marvel, and is one of the few remaining examples of great libraries of the ancient world located in the Roman Empire. It was the third-largest library in the Greco-Roman world behind only those of Alexandria and Pergamum , believed to have held around 12,000 scrolls. [ 5 ]
The Library of Pergamum (Greek: Βιβλιοθήκη του Πέργαμον) is an ancient Greek building in Pergamon, Anatolia, today located nearby the modern town of Bergama, in the İzmir Province of western Turkey. It was one of the most important libraries in the ancient world. [2]
The Bibliotheca Ulpia ("Ulpian Library") was a Roman library founded by the Emperor Trajan in AD 114 in the Forum of Trajan, located in ancient Rome. It was considered one of the most prominent and famous libraries of antiquity [1] and became a major library in the Western World upon the destruction of the Library of Alexandria in the 3rd ...