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Ross v. Blake, 578 U.S. ___ (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that "special circumstances" cannot excuse an inmate's failure to exhaust administrative remedies before filing a lawsuit under the Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1995, [1] but clarified that inmates are required to exhaust only administrative remedies that are genuinely available. [2]
Once the agency's own procedures are finished, or "exhausted", then the aggrieved person can file a complaint in a federal court. But the doctrine of exhaustion of remedies prevents parties from seeking relief in the courts first. The same process is required under the laws of many, if not all, states.
It generated much controversy, and after an institutional investigation, one of the authors committed suicide. [31] [32] 2011 Eight journal articles authored by Duke University cancer researcher Anil Potti and others, which describe genomic signatures of cancer prognosis and predictors of response to cancer treatment, were retracted in 2011 and ...
Conflicts of interest increase the likelihood of biases arising; they can harm the quality of research and the public good (even if disclosed). [3] Conflicts of interest can involve research sponsors, authors, journals, journal staff, publishers, and peer reviewers.
In 2023, a systematic scoping review identified 20 unique ethical issues related to contributor role taxonomies like CRediT. [17]In a study of one psychology research project, independent researchers read detailed descriptions of other researchers' contributions, the results indicated that the independent researchers had low agreement about both the number and type that the contributions ...
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Self-determination [1] refers to a people's right to form its own political entity, and internal self-determination is the right to representative government with full suffrage. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Self-determination is a cardinal principle in modern international law , binding, as such, on the United Nations as an authoritative interpretation of the ...
The ICMJE recommendations (full title, "Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals") are a set of guidelines produced by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors for standardising the ethics, preparation and formatting of manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals for publication. [1]