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The growing population of free settlers, former convicts and Australian-born currency lads and lasses led to public demands for representative government. Penal transportation to New South Wales ended in 1840 and a semi-elected Legislative Council was established in 1842.
Western Australia – established as the Swan River Colony in 1829 – initially was intended solely for free settlers, but commenced receiving convicts in 1850. South Australia and Victoria , established in 1836 and 1850 respectively, officially remained free colonies.
Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 the transportation of convicts increased rapidly and the number of free settlers grew steadily. [79] From 1821 to 1840, 55,000 convicts arrived in New South Wales and 60,000 in Van Diemen's Land. However, by 1830, free settlers and the locally born exceeded the convict population of New South ...
The settlement was initially called Edenglassie, a portmanteau of the Scottish towns Edinburgh and Glasgow. Major Edmund Lockyer discovered outcrops of coal along the banks of the upper Brisbane River in 1825. [5] In 1839, transportation of convicts ceased, culminating in the closure of the Brisbane penal settlement. In 1842, a free settlement ...
16 January – Bellona arrives with Australia's first free settlers. 22 January – The French d'Entrecasteaux expedition returns to Recherche Bay, Tasmania, to rewater and rest. 12 February – John Macarthur is granted 100 acres (0.40 km 2) of land at Parramatta. 16 February – John Macarthur is appointed by Grose as inspector of public works.
The small settlement of Perth, founded in 1829 on the Swan River in Western Australia by free settlers, failed to prosper and asked for convicts. In contrast, South Australia , with its capital Adelaide founded in 1836, and Victoria , with its capital Melbourne founded in 1839, were settled only by free settlers.
Settler colonialism in Australia concerns the application of settler colonial studies to the British colonisation of Australia. Academics within settler colonial studies argue that Australian settler colonialism involves the attempted elimination of Indigenous Australians and their replacement by a settler society. Initially carried out by ...
This category includes people who created the first permanent European settlements in Australia in the first 100 years of British colonisation. Subcategories This category has the following 6 subcategories, out of 6 total.