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A southerly buster is the colloquial name [1] of an abrupt southerly wind change in the southern regions of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia, which approaches from the southeast, mainly on a hot day, bringing in cool, usually severe weather and a dramatic temperature drop, thus ultimately replacing and relieving the prior hot conditions.
Televised weather forecasts were introduced in 1956. [8] The 1906 act governing the Bureau was repealed and replaced by the Meteorology Act 1955, which brought its functions in line with the expectations of the WMO and allowed for a significant reorganisation of its structure. At this time, the Bureau came under the Department of the Interior.
The components of a winds and temperatures aloft forecast are displayed as DDss+/-TT: Wind direction (DD) and wind speed (ss), displayed as a 4-digit number, e.g. 3127, indicating a wind direction of 310 degrees true north and a wind speed of 27 knots. Note that wind direction is rounded to the nearest 10 degrees and the trailing zero is excluded.
Windy day at Brighton Beach, 1904. According to the Bureau of Meteorology, Sydney falls in the temperate climate zone with warm to hot summers [a] and no dry season. [13] [14] Under the Holdridge Life Zones classification, coastal Sydney falls in the Subtropical Moist Forest zone and the inland, western suburbs in the Subtropical Dry Forest zone. [15]
5 January 1863 is Sydney's first recorded 40 °C (104 °F) day, when the mercury hit 41.6 °C (106.9 °F) at Sydney's Observatory Hill. [11]During January 1896, a state wide heatwave blasted through NSW and caused the mercury in Sydney to hit 40.7 °C (105.3 °F) on the 6th and 42.5 °C (108.5 °F) on the 13th, this ended Sydney's longest streak of days under 40.0 °C (104.0 °F) which lasted ...
Nowcasting in meteorology uses surface weather station data, wind profiler data, and any other weather data available to initialize the current weather situation and forecast by extrapolation for a period of 0 to 6 hours. In this time range it is possible to forecast small features such as individual storms with reasonable accuracy.
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Many locations in this region have recorded −10 °C or lower, including Gudgenby in the Australian Capital Territory (−14.6 °C) and Woolbrook, New South Wales (−14.5 °C). In the desert, the lowest extreme minimum occur at high elevations, especially around Alice Springs , where the temperature has fallen as low as −7.5 °C.