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There was "very little" privatization during 1992: only 22 state-owned enterprises were privatized. The pace picked up throughout the following year, with more than 260 companies privatized. [64] Four of the 22 enterprises privatized in 1992 were sold to foreign investors. [65] In 1993, 265 companies were privatized, followed by 604 in 1994.
Privatization is the process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency, charity or public service from the public sector (the state or government) or common use to the private sector (businesses that operate for a private profit) or to private non-profit organizations.
Private companies may be called corporations, limited companies, limited liability companies, unlimited companies, or other names, depending on where and how they are organized and structured. In the United States but not generally in the United Kingdom , the term is also extended to partnerships , sole proprietorships or business trusts .
The company was folded and re-created in 2009, and privatized in 2012, under the supervision of the EU and IMF, as it was part of the debt-restructuring process of 2012. OPAP (Lottery and Betting Monopoly) – privatization completed in 2013, when the last remaining government-owned stock was sold [15]
States legally regulate the private sector. Businesses operating within a country must comply with the laws in that country. In some cases, usually involving multinational corporations that can pick and choose their suppliers and locations based on their perception of the regulatory environment, local state regulations have resulted in uneven practices within one company.
Mixed-economy companies are enterprises with the majority of stocks owned by the government, but that also have stocks owned by the private sector and usually have their shares traded on stock exchanges. Banco do Brasil, Petrobras, Sabesp, and Eletrobras are examples of mixed-economy companies.
This kind of a company makes shares of ownership available to the general public. The purchasers of those shares then become the company's shareholders ; shareholders have bought a portion of ownership of the corporation by giving away certain amount of money (differentiating from company to company) or assets of a particular value.
Public-private-partnership (PPP): Private financing of infrastructure, through an agreement with private corporations. [27] An example of this is Sydney's WestConnex project, [28] where the government offsets the risk of construction to Transurban, a private company, which also removes the burden of government accumulating debt. [29] [28]