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The regulation of banking privacy is typically undertaken by a sector-by-sector basis. [5] The most prominent federal law governing banking privacy in the U.S. is the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLB). [5] This regulates the disclosure, collection, and use of non-public information by banking institutions. [5]
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and gives loans for the purposes of consumption and investment to make a profit. It can also refer to a bank or a division of a larger bank that deals with corporations or large or middle-sized businesses, to differentiate from retail banks and investment banks.
Sovereignty and an Empty Purse: Banks and Politics in the Civil War (Princeton University Press. 1970). Klebaner, Benjamin J. American Commercial Banking: A History (Twayne, 1990). online; Mason, David L. From Buildings and Loans to Bail-Outs: A History of the American Savings and Loan Industry, 1831–1995 (Cambridge University Press, 2004).
During the Civil War, banking houses were syndicated to meet the federal government's need for money to fund its war efforts. Jay Cooke launched the first mass securities selling operation in U.S. history employing thousands of salesmen to float what ultimately amounted to $830 million worth of government bonds to a wide group of investors. [4]
Public banks come in a variety of models. A public bank might be capitalized through an initial investment by the city or state, as well as through tax and fee revenue. [7] A public bank, like a private bank, can take tax revenues and other government income as deposits, create money in the form of bank credit, and lend at very low interest rates.
The accounts do not generate as much revenue as traditional private banking, but given the number of customers, can provide sizeable revenue to the bank. In 2016, Credit Suisse and UBS replaced the phrase "private banking" with "wealth management"; private banking has faced reputational risk as an area for tax avoidance or even tax evasion. [9]
The public sector, also called the state sector, is the part of the economy composed of both public services and public enterprises. Public sectors include the public goods and governmental services such as the military , law enforcement , public infrastructure , public transit , public education , along with public health care and those ...
Private banks have a long tradition in Switzerland, dating back to at least the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685). Private banks also have a long tradition in the UK where C. Hoare & Co. has been in business since 1672.