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An extensive review of the medical literature regarding the management of insomnia and the elderly found that there is considerable evidence of the effectiveness and durability of non-drug treatments for insomnia in adults of all ages and that these interventions are underutilized.
Cyclobenzaprine, sold under several brand names including, historically, Flexeril, is a muscle relaxer used for muscle spasms from musculoskeletal conditions of sudden onset. [5] It is not useful in cerebral palsy . [ 5 ]
Stelazine (trifluoperazine) – an antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychotic disorders, anxiety, and nausea caused by chemotherapy [2] Strattera (atomoxetine) – a non-stimulant medication used to treat ADHD; Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) - a partial opioid agonist used in the treatment of opioid use disorder
There has also been research into the utility of the individual components of CBT-I, when delivered as monotherapies or multi-component therapies without cognitive therapy. A 2023 systematic review [39] demonstrated that just stimulus control and sleep restriction are effective treatment options for insomnia in older adults. It also indicated ...
Older patients are at a higher risk of experiencing CNS side effects. [citation needed] The link possible between anticholinergic medication use and cognitive decline/dementia has been noted in weaker observational studies. [21]
In Canada, SSRIs are a first-line treatment of adult obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). In the UK, they are first-line treatment only with moderate to severe functional impairment and as second line treatment for those with mild impairment, though, as of early 2019, this recommendation is being reviewed. [ 26 ]
Daridorexant is indicated for the treatment of adults with insomnia characterized by difficulties with sleep onset and/or sleep maintenance. [1] The medication has been found to significantly improve latency to persistent sleep (LPS), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and subjective total sleep time (TST) in regulatory clinical trials. [1]
Chlorpromazine, an antipsychotic and antiemetic drug which is classed as a "major" tranquilizer, may cause paradoxical effects such as agitation, hallucinations, excitement, insomnia, bizarre dreams, aggravation of psychotic symptoms and toxic confusional states. [8] These may be more common in elderly dementia patients.