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The configuration of a car body is typically determined by the layout of the engine, passenger and luggage compartments, which can be shared or separately articulated. A key design feature is the car's roof-supporting pillars , designated from front to rear of the car as A-pillar, B-pillar, C-pillar and D-pillar.
Name Parent Family Displacements Year Features Common Applications HDi/TDCi: DLD ("Tiger"): 1.4 L (1,399 cc) 1.6 L (1,560 cc) 2002–2017: I4 Twin-scroll turbo Common Rail DI: Ford Fiesta (fifth generation), Ford Fiesta (sixth generation), Ford Fusion (Europe), Ford Focus (second generation, Europe), Ford Focus (third generation), Ford Mondeo (third generation), Ford Mondeo (fourth generation ...
From 1995 until 1998, the EXiV was modified and raced in the Japanese Touring Car Championship. For the last year the race was held, Toyota was the only manufacturer that supplied cars, supplying the EXiV and Chaser. Models offered were: ST200 – 1.8-liter; ST201 – 1.8-liter 4-wheel-steering; ST202 – 2.0-liter; ST203 – 2.0-liter 4-wheel ...
1987: 2.0 L LL8 TBI OHV I4; 1985–1987: 2.8 L LB6 MPFI OHV V6; Second generation (1988–1994) ... The Cavalier GT300 car retained its front-wheel drive layout, ...
Early cars using the FWD layout include the 1925 Alvis, 1929 Cord L-29, 1931 DKW F1, the 1948 Citroën 2CV, 1949 Saab 92, the 1957 Trabant P50, and the 1959 Mini. In the 1980s, the traction and packaging advantages of this layout caused many compact and mid-sized vehicle makers to adopt it in the US.
FR layout. A front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout (FR), also called Systeme Panhard [1] is a powertrain layout with an engine in front and rear-wheel-drive, connected via a drive shaft. This arrangement, with the engine straddling the front axle, was the traditional automobile layout for most of the pre-1950s automotive mechanical projects. [2]
This layout is designed for off-road vehicles to have the most traction in strenuous situations without losing too much cargo space at the same time. [2] However, the 1903 Spyker 60 HP was the first car built with an F4 drive layout. [3] This layout is also the drive train of choice for off-road pickup trucks and SUVs. It allows these vehicles ...
It was only in 2005, with the arrival of the 159, that more variants of the JTS were produced. The 2.0 JTS gave way to a 1.9 L variant with 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) and a 2.2 L version with 185 PS (136 kW; 182 hp).