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Roman mosaic from Dougga, Tunisia (2nd/3rd century AD): Two large slaves carrying wine jars each wear an amulet against the evil eye on a necklace, with one in a loincloth (left) and the other in an exomis; [1] the young slave to the left carries water and towels, and the one on the right a bough and a basket of flowers.
Freedmen in ancient Rome existed as a distinct social class (liberti or libertini), with former slaves granted freedom and rights through the legal process of manumission. The Roman practice of slavery utilized slaves for both production and domestic labour, overseen by their wealthy masters. Urban and domestic slaves especially could achieve ...
slaves came from various regions and spoke various languages; a slave-holder could rely on the support of fellow slave-holders if his slaves offered resistance. Athens had various categories of slave, such as: House-slaves, living in their master's home and working at home, on the land or in a shop.
Spartacus [a] (/ ˈ s p ɑːr t ə k ə s /; c. 103–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.
The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day. Likewise, its victims have come from many different ethnicities and religious groups. The social, economic, and legal positions of slaves have differed vastly in different systems of slavery in different times and places. [1]
At the time of Augustus, as many as 35% of the people in Roman Italy were slaves, [131] making Rome one of five historical "slave societies" in which slaves constituted at least a fifth of the population and played a major role in the economy.
Two skilled ex-slaves acknowledge their master for setting them free (British Museum). Public inscriptions like this were expected and are an important source for scholars. Secondly, there was a peculiar funeral custom. Roman slaves, after years of labour for their owners, were fairly often manumitted (liberated). They were expected to be ...
Ancillae (plural) (singular, ancilla) were female house slaves in ancient Rome, as well as in Europe during the Middle Ages. [1] In medieval Europe, slavery was gradually replaced by serfdom, but a small number of female slaves were imported as household servants for the wealthy, most commonly in Italy, Spain and France. [1]