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The C language provides basic arithmetic types, such as integer and real number types, and syntax to build array and compound types. Headers for the C standard library , to be used via include directives , contain definitions of support types, that have additional properties, such as providing storage with an exact size, independent of the ...
Integer addition, for example, can be performed as a single machine instruction, and some offer specific instructions to process sequences of characters with a single instruction. [7] But the choice of primitive data type may affect performance, for example it is faster using SIMD operations and data types to operate on an array of floats.
For example, 32 contiguous bits may be treated as an array of 32 Booleans, a 4-byte string, an unsigned 32-bit integer or an IEEE single precision floating point value. Because the stored bits are never changed, the programmer must know low level details such as representation format, byte order, and alignment needs, to meaningfully cast.
[15] [16] Through to 1972, richer types were added to the NB language: NB had arrays of int and char. Pointers, the ability to generate pointers to other types, arrays of all types, and types to be returned from functions were all also added. Arrays within expressions became pointers. A new compiler was written, and the language was renamed C. [9]
For example, integers are a basic type defined in mathematics, while an array of integers is the result of applying an array type generator to the integer type. The terminology varies - in the literature, primitive, built-in, basic, atomic, and fundamental may be used interchangeably. [8]
Intersection types are useful for describing overloaded function types: for example, if "int → int" is the type of functions taking an integer argument and returning an integer, and "float → float" is the type of functions taking a float argument and returning a float, then the intersection of these two types can be used to describe ...
As of C23 typeof is a part of the C standard. The operator typeof_unqual was also added which is the same as typeof, except it removes cvr-qualification and atomic qualification. [6] [7] In a non-standard (GNU) extension of the C programming language, typeof may be used to define a general macro for determining the maximum value of two parameters:
For example, in the Pascal programming language, the declaration type MyTable = array [1..4,1..2] of integer, defines a new array data type called MyTable. The declaration var A: MyTable then defines a variable A of that type, which is an aggregate of eight elements, each being an integer variable identified by two indices.