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The Midnight Judges Act (also known as the Judiciary Act of 1801; 2 Stat. 89, and officially An act to provide for the more convenient organization of the Courts of the United States) expanded the federal judiciary of the United States. [1] The act was supported by the John Adams administration and the Federalist Party. [1]
Stuart v. Laird, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 299 (1803), was a case decided by United States Supreme Court notably a week after its famous decision in Marbury v. Madison.. Stuart dealt with a judgment of a circuit judge whose position had been abolished by the repeal of the Judiciary Act of 1801.
Fourteen of the sixteen circuit court judges appointed by Adams were to positions created at the end of his tenure in office, in the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2 Stat. 89, which became known as the Midnight Judges Act. All of these offices were abolished by the repeal of this Act on July 1, 1802, by 2 Stat. 132.
The repeal of the 1801 Act on March 8, 1802, by 2 Stat. 132, restored New Jersey as a single judicial district. [43] The only judge to serve on the briefly subdivided courts was Robert Morris , who had begun serving as a recess appointment to the District of New Jersey on August 28, 1790 and continued serving after the restoration of the single ...
By this time it was already well into January of 1801, two months before Jefferson’s inauguration in March. Then, on Tuesday, Jan. 20, Adams sent Marshall’s nomination to the Senate, on the ...
In 1801, Congress attempted for the first time in its history to relieve the Supreme Court justices of this burden by enacting the Judiciary Act of 1801, commonly known as the Midnight Judges Act, but that proved to be highly controversial as the Act took effect with only 19 days remaining in John Adams's Federalist administration.
Judiciary Act of 1802, repealed the 1801 Act; Judiciary Act of 1866, gradually reduced circuit and Supreme Court seats; Judiciary Act of 1867, also called the Habeas Corpus Act of 1867, amended sec. 25 of the Act of 1789 regarding Supreme Court review of state court rulings; Judiciary Act of 1869, also called the Circuit Judges Act of 1869
The District was unchanged when Kentucky became a state on June 1, 1792. On February 13, 1801, the Judiciary Act of 1801, 2 Stat. 89, abolished the U.S. district court in Kentucky, [2] but the repeal of this Act restored the District on March 8, 1802, 2 Stat. 132. [2]