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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is domestic violence by a current or former spouse or partner in an intimate relationship against the other spouse or partner. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] IPV can take a number of forms, including physical , verbal , emotional , economic and sexual abuse .
Intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) deals with sexual violence within the context of domestic violence. Intimate partner sexual violence is defined by any unwanted sexual contact or activity by an intimate partner in order to control an individual through fear, threats, or violence. [1] [2] Women are the primary victims of this type of ...
There are several theories that attempt to explain the use of force within an intimate relationship. Cultural spill-over effect [4] posits that the more a culture supports the use of violence to achieve their objectives, the more likely individuals in that culture will legitimize violence and generalize those beliefs across multiple domains, which include those where the use of violence or ...
Economic abuse – form of abuse when one intimate partner has control over the other partner's access to economic resources, [18] which diminishes the victim's earning capacity and forces financial reliance on the perpetrator. [18] [19] [20]
The conflict tactics scale (CTS), created by Murray A. Straus in 1979, [1] is used in the research of family violence." [2] There are two versions of the CTS; the CTS2 (an expanded and modified version of the original CTS) [3] and the CTSPC (CTS Parent-Child).
Dating violence crosses all racial, age, economic and social lines. The Center for Relationship Abuse Awareness describes dating abuse as a "pattern of abusive and coercive behaviors used to maintain power and control over a former or current intimate partner." [2]
In 1979, Lenore E. Walker proposed the concept of battered woman syndrome (BWS). [1] She described it as consisting "of the pattern of the signs and symptoms that have been found to occur after a woman has been physically, sexually, and/or psychologically abused in an intimate relationship, when the partner (usually, but not always a man) exerted power and control over the woman to coerce her ...
The feminist theory underlying the Duluth model is that men use violence within relationships to exercise abusive power and control.The curriculum "is designed to be used within a community using its institutions to diminish the power of batterers over their victims and to explore with each abusive man the intent and source of his violence and the possibilities for change through seeking a ...