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Kidney showing circumscribed calcium deposits together with a partial stag horn calculus. Nephrocalcinosis, once known as Albright's calcinosis after Fuller Albright, is a term originally used to describe the deposition of poorly soluble calcium salts in the renal parenchyma due to hyperparathyroidism.
Dementia is a complicated condition, and researchers are still unpacking a lot about its underlying causes. However, there are some things doctors generally agree on when it comes to prevention. ...
Vascular dementia can be caused by ischemic or hemorrhagic infarcts affecting multiple brain areas, including the anterior cerebral artery territory, the parietal lobes, or the cingulate gyrus. [5] On rare occasion, infarcts in the hippocampus or thalamus are the cause of dementia. [12]
It is one of the most common causes of disability among the elderly but can develop before the age of 65 when it is known as early-onset dementia or presenile dementia. [ 273 ] [ 274 ] Less than 1% of those with Alzheimer's have gene mutations that cause a much earlier development of the disease, around the age of 45, known as early-onset ...
Binswanger's disease is a type of subcortical vascular dementia caused by white matter atrophy to the brain. However, white matter atrophy alone is not sufficient for this disease; evidence of subcortical dementia is also necessary.
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue. It normally occurs in the formation of bone, but calcium can be deposited abnormally in soft tissue, [1] [2] causing it to harden. Calcifications may be classified on whether there is mineral balance or not, and the location of the calcification. [3]
Stippled epiphyses is a pattern of focal bone calcification. The presence of abnormal punctate (speckled, dot-like) calcifications in one or more epiphyses. It is seen in chondrodysplasia punctata and in Keutel syndrome. It is also caused by use of warfarin, alcohol, and in hypothyroidism. [1]
The term young onset dementia is becoming more widely used to avoid the potential confusion between early onset dementia and early stage dementia This term is now used as presenile dementia which is a historical term of people diagnosed with dementia from a younger age of 51 years old. This is caused by an atypical arterioclerosis of the brain.